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Adding libglim as an external library

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libglim is an Apache-licensed C++ wrapper for lmdb, and rather than
rolling our own it seems prudent to use it.

Note: lmdb is not included in it, and unless something happens as did
with libunbound, should be installed via each OS' package manager or
equivalent.
This commit is contained in:
Thomas Winget 2014-10-13 18:52:45 -04:00 committed by warptangent
parent 07733f98c0
commit 90d6f8bf62
26 changed files with 11043 additions and 0 deletions
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62
external/glim/ChangeLog.darcs.txt vendored Normal file
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Wed Dec 6 23:50:10 Russian Standard Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* Fixes discovered under FreeBSD.
Wed Dec 6 04:43:04 Russian Standard Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* Ported to Gentoo gcc 4.1.1
Fri Nov 24 14:17:08 Russian Standard Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* Documentation improvements for the release.
Fri Nov 24 13:13:50 Russian Standard Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* A few fixes.
Fri Nov 24 13:13:20 Russian Standard Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* Do not remove the "html" directory when cleaning.
Wed Nov 22 15:30:56 Russian Standard Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* Added a compatibility #pair method to bufstr_t.
Tue Nov 21 21:54:40 Russian Standard Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* Implemented the sugared way to querying.
Mon Oct 9 23:19:11 Russian Daylight Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* Fixed incorrect statement = NULL in #step. Implemented parameter bindings.
Mon Oct 9 20:09:17 Russian Daylight Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* SqliteQuery and SqliteParQuery classes (no binding support as of yet).
Fri Oct 6 12:11:43 Russian Daylight Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* typo
Thu Oct 5 23:26:21 Russian Daylight Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* Basic mutex operations in SqliteSession.
Sun Oct 1 23:19:36 Russian Daylight Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* Compatibility with std::string.
Fri Sep 29 11:42:09 Russian Daylight Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* Invented SqliteSession.
Fri Sep 29 01:23:31 Russian Daylight Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* SQLite wrapper: initial documentation; opening, closing.
Thu Sep 28 23:15:37 Russian Daylight Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* Apache version 2 license.
Thu Sep 28 23:12:41 Russian Daylight Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* Multiple source files for tests.
Thu Sep 28 01:05:21 Russian Daylight Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* Append from another bufstr_t and from a pair.
Thu Sep 28 01:04:46 Russian Daylight Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* Macro to construct pair from C character array.
Tue Sep 26 23:23:40 Russian Daylight Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* char const* instead of const char*
Tue Sep 26 20:56:07 Russian Daylight Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* Everything seems to work. The library is now headers-only.
Mon Sep 25 22:52:34 Russian Daylight Time 2006 ArtemGr <artem@bizlink.ru>
* Initial revision, containing bufstr_t; compiles, but does not work.

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Copyright 2006-2012 Kozarezov Artem Aleksandrovich <artemciy@gmail.com>
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.

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#ifndef _NSEC_TIMER_H
#define _NSEC_TIMER_H
#include <time.h> // clock_gettime, CLOCK_MONOTONIC
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
namespace glim {
//! Safe nanoseconds timer.
struct NsecTimer {
timespec start;
NsecTimer () {restart();}
//! Nanoseconds since the creation or restart of the timer.
int64_t operator()() const {
timespec nsecStop; clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &nsecStop);
return (int64_t) (nsecStop.tv_sec - start.tv_sec) * 1000000000LL + (int64_t) (nsecStop.tv_nsec - start.tv_nsec);
}
/** Seconds since the creation or restart of the timer. */
double sec() const {
timespec nsecStop; clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &nsecStop);
double seconds = nsecStop.tv_sec - start.tv_sec;
seconds += (double)(nsecStop.tv_nsec - start.tv_nsec) / 1000000000.0;
return seconds;
}
//! Seconds since the creation or restart of the timer.
std::string seconds (int precision = 9) const {
// The trick is to avoid the scientific notation by printing integers.
double sec = this->sec();
std::ostringstream buf;
int isec = (int) sec;
buf << isec;
sec -= isec;
for (int pc = precision; pc; --pc) sec *= 10.0;
int ifrac = (int) sec;
if (ifrac > 0) {
buf << '.';
buf.fill ('0'); buf.width (precision);
buf << ifrac;
}
return buf.str();
}
void restart() {clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &start);}
int64_t getAndRestart() {int64_t tmp = operator()(); restart(); return tmp;}
};
}
#endif // _NSEC_TIMER_H

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#ifndef _GLIM_SERIALIZABLEPOOL_HPP_INCLUDED
#define _GLIM_SERIALIZABLEPOOL_HPP_INCLUDED
#include "gstring.hpp"
#ifndef _SERIALIZABLEPOOL_NOLDB
# include "ldb.hpp" // Reuse `ldbSerialize` and `ldbDeserialize` in the `with` method.
#endif
namespace glim {
namespace SerializablePoolHelpers {
struct Impl {
/**
* Pool format: \code
* uint32_t valuesStart; // Network byte order.
* uint32_t value0Offset, value1Offset, ... valueNOffset; // Network byte order.
* char value0[]; char zero; char value1[]; char zero; ... char valueN[]; char zero;
* \endcode
*/
gstring _pool;
std::vector<gstring> _changes;
std::vector<bool> _changed;
bool _readOnly = false;
Impl() = default;
Impl (const gstring& poolBytes): _pool (poolBytes), _readOnly (false) {}
};
/// Can be used to avoid a deep copy of the pool and change vectors (pImpl idiom).
/// Example: \code glim::SerializablePool pool; \endcode
struct SharedPtr {
std::shared_ptr<Impl> _impl;
SharedPtr() = default;
SharedPtr (const gstring& poolBytes): _impl (std::make_shared<Impl> (poolBytes)) {}
Impl* get() const {return _impl.get();}
Impl* operator->() const {return _impl.get();}
Impl& operator*() const {return *_impl;}
Impl* instance() {if (!_impl) _impl = std::make_shared<Impl>(); return _impl.get();}
};
/// Can be used instead of SharedPtr to avoid the shared_ptr indirection when the SerializablePoolTpl isn't going to be copied.
/// Example: \code glim::InlineSerializablePool temporaryPool (bytes); \endcode
struct InlinePtr {
Impl _impl;
InlinePtr() = default;
InlinePtr (const gstring& poolBytes): _impl (poolBytes) {}
Impl* get() const {return const_cast<Impl*> (&_impl);}
Impl* operator->() const {return const_cast<Impl*> (&_impl);}
Impl& operator*() const {return const_cast<Impl&> (_impl);}
Impl* instance() {return &_impl;}
};
}
/** Serialization with lazy parsing: fields are accessed without "unpacking" the byte array.
* Changes are stored separately, allowing the user to know exactly what fields has been changed and compare the old values to the new ones. */
template <typename PI>
class SerializablePoolTpl {
protected:
using Impl = SerializablePoolHelpers::Impl;
PI _impl;
/** @param ref Return a zero-copy view. The view should not be used outside of the pool buffer's lifetime. */
static gstring original (const gstring& pool, uint32_t num, bool ref = false) {
uint32_t poolLength = pool.length(); if (poolLength < 4) return gstring();
uint32_t valuesStart = ntohl (*(uint32_t*) pool.data());
assert (valuesStart <= poolLength);
uint32_t valueOffsetOffset = 4 + num * 4;
if ((int) valuesStart - (int) valueOffsetOffset < 4) return gstring(); // num > size
uint32_t valueOffset = ntohl (*(uint32_t*) (pool.data() + valueOffsetOffset));
valueOffsetOffset += 4;
uint32_t nextValueOffset = ((int) valuesStart - (int) valueOffsetOffset < 4)
? poolLength
: ntohl (*(uint32_t*) (pool.data() + valueOffsetOffset));
return gstring (0, (void*) (pool.data() + valueOffset), false, nextValueOffset - 1 - valueOffset, ref);
}
/** How many elements are in the pool. */
static uint32_t poolSize (const gstring& pool) {
if (pool.length() < 4) return 0;
uint32_t valuesStart = ntohl (*(uint32_t*) pool.data());
return (valuesStart - 4) / 4;
}
void toBytes (gstring& newPool, uint32_t size, const gstring* oldPool) const {
newPool.clear();
const Impl* impl = _impl.get();
const std::vector<bool>& changed = impl->_changed;
const std::vector<gstring>& changes = impl->_changes;
if (changed.empty()) return;
uint32_t valuesStart = 4 + size * 4;
uint32_t networkOrder = 0;
newPool.append ((char*) &(networkOrder = htonl (valuesStart)), 4);
for (uint32_t num = 0; num < size; ++num) newPool.append ((char*) &(networkOrder = 0), 4);
for (uint32_t num = 0; num < size; ++num) {
uint32_t start = newPool.length();
if (num < changed.size() && changed[num]) newPool << changes[num];
else newPool << original (oldPool ? *oldPool : impl->_pool, num);
newPool << '\0';
uint32_t valuesOffsetOffset = 4 + num * 4; assert (valuesOffsetOffset < valuesStart);
*(uint32_t*)(newPool.data() + valuesOffsetOffset) = htonl (start);
}
}
public:
/** Field, old value, new value. Might be used to maintain indexes. */
typedef std::function<void(uint32_t, const gstring&, const gstring&)> ChangeVisitor;
SerializablePoolTpl() = default;
/** Copy the given pool bytes from the outside source (e.g. from the database). */
SerializablePoolTpl (const gstring& poolBytes): _impl (poolBytes) {}
/** Returns a view into the original serialized field (ignores the current changes).\n
* Returns an empty string if the field is not in the pool (num > size).
* @param ref Return a zero-copy view. The view becomes invalid after the value has been changed or when the pool's `Impl` is destroyed. */
const gstring original (uint32_t num, bool ref = false) const {return original (_impl->_pool, num, ref);}
/** Returns the original serialized field (ignores the current changes).\n
* Returns an empty string if the field is not in the pool (num > size). */
const char* cstringOriginal (uint32_t num) const {
gstring gs (original (_impl->_pool, num));
return gs.empty() ? "" : gs.data(); // All fields in the _pool are 0-terminated.
}
/** Returns the field.
* @param ref Return a zero-copy view. The view becomes invalid after the value has been changed or when the pool's `Impl` is destroyed. */
const gstring current (uint32_t num, bool ref = false) const {
const Impl* impl = _impl.get(); if (!impl) return gstring();
if (num < impl->_changed.size() && impl->_changed[num]) {
const gstring& value = impl->_changes[num]; return ref ? value.ref() : value;}
return original (impl->_pool, num);
}
/** Set the new value of the field. */
void set (uint32_t num, const gstring& value) {
Impl* impl = _impl.instance();
if (__builtin_expect (impl->_readOnly, 0)) throw std::runtime_error ("Attempt to modify a read-only SerializablePool");
if (num >= impl->_changed.size()) {impl->_changed.resize (num + 1); impl->_changes.resize (num + 1);}
impl->_changed[num] = true;
impl->_changes[num] = value;
}
void reserve (uint32_t fields) {
Impl* impl = _impl.instance();
if (__builtin_expect (impl->_readOnly, 0)) throw std::runtime_error ("Attempt to modify a read-only SerializablePool");
impl->_changed.reserve (fields);
impl->_changes.reserve (fields);
}
/** Peek into the pool.\n
* Returned reference should not be used after the SerializablePool goes out of scope (and destroyed). */
const gstring& originalPool() {return _impl->_pool;}
/** Serialize the pool.
* @param changeVisitor is called for every field that was really changed (e.g. the bytes differ). */
void toBytes (gstring& newPool, ChangeVisitor changeVisitor = ChangeVisitor()) const {
if (changeVisitor) {
const Impl* impl = _impl.get();
const std::vector<bool>& changed = impl->_changed;
const std::vector<gstring>& changes = impl->_changes;
for (uint32_t num = 0, size = changed.size(); num < size; ++num) if (changed[num]) {
const gstring& from = original (impl->_pool, num); const gstring& to = changes[num];
if (from != to) changeVisitor (num, from, to);
}
}
toBytes (newPool, (uint32_t) _impl->_changed.size(), nullptr);
}
/**
* Performs "delta" serialization of the pool: creates a new pool where values which has not changed are copied from the `oldPool`.\n
* \code Use case: 1) pools X and Y are loaded from a database by users A and B;
* 2) user A changes field 0 in pool X; 3) user B changes field 1 in pool Y;
* 4) user A loads `oldPool` from the database, does `toBytesDelta` from pool X and saves to the database;
* 5) user B loads `oldPool` from the database, does `toBytesDelta` from pool Y and saves to the database;
* result: database contains both changes (field 0 from user A and field 1 from user B). \endcode
* @param changeVisitor is called for every field that was changed between the oldPool and the current one.
* Returns `false` and leaves `newPool` *empty* if there are no changes found against the `oldPool`.
*/
bool toBytesDelta (gstring& newPool, const gstring& oldPool, ChangeVisitor changeVisitor = ChangeVisitor()) const {
newPool.clear();
const Impl* impl = _impl.get();
const std::vector<bool>& changed = impl->_changed;
const std::vector<gstring>& changes = impl->_changes;
bool verifiedChanges = false;
for (uint32_t num = 0, size = changed.size(); num < size; ++num) if (changed[num]) {
const gstring& from = original (oldPool, num); const gstring& to = changes[num];
if (from != to) {
verifiedChanges = true;
if (changeVisitor) changeVisitor (num, from, to); else break;
}
}
if (!verifiedChanges) return false;
toBytes (newPool, std::max ((uint32_t) changed.size(), poolSize (oldPool)), &oldPool);
return true;
}
/** True if the field has been `set` in this pool instance.\n
* NB: Does *not* check if the `set` value is equal to the `original` value or not. */
bool changed (uint32_t num) const {const auto& changed = _impl->_changed; return num < changed.size() ? changed[num] : false;}
/** True if a field has been `set` in this pool instance. */
bool changed() const {return !_impl->_changed.empty();}
bool operator == (const SerializablePoolTpl<PI>& rhs) const {return _impl.get() == rhs._impl.get();}
/** Useful for storing SerializablePool in a map. */
intptr_t implId() const {return (intptr_t) _impl.get();}
/** If set to `true` then modifying the pool will throw an exception.\n
* Useful for freezing the pool before sharing it with other threads. */
void readOnly (bool ro) {if (_impl) _impl->_readOnly = true;}
bool readOnly() const {return (_impl ? _impl->_readOnly : false);}
/** Number of elements in the pool. Equals to max(num)-1. */
uint32_t size() const {
Impl* impl = _impl.get(); if (__builtin_expect (!impl, 0)) return 0;
return std::max (poolSize (impl->_pool), (uint32_t) impl->_changed.size());
}
#ifndef _SERIALIZABLEPOOL_NOLDB
/** Serialize the `value` with `ldbSerialize` and `set` it to `num`.
* @param stackSize is the amount of space to preallocate on stack for the temporary buffer. */
template<typename T> void serialize (uint32_t num, const T& value, uint32_t stackSize = 256) {
GSTRING_ON_STACK (bytes, stackSize);
ldbSerialize (bytes, value);
set (num, bytes);
}
/** If the field is not empty then `ldbDeserialize` it into `value`. */
template<typename T> void deserialize (uint32_t num, T& value) const {
const gstring& bytes = current (num);
if (bytes.length()) ldbDeserialize (current (num), value);
}
/** Deserialize the `num` field with `ldbDeserialize`, run `visitor` on it, then optionally serialize the field back using `ldbSerialize`.
* Example: \code
* typedef std::map<std::string, std::string> MyMap;
* pool.with<MyMap> (_myMap, [](MyMap& myMap) {myMap["foo"] = "bar"; return true;});
* \endcode
* @param visitor must return `true` to serialize the field back to the pool.
*/
template<typename T> void with (uint32_t num, std::function<bool(T&)> visitor) {
const gstring& fromBytes = current (num, true);
T value; if (fromBytes.length()) ldbDeserialize (fromBytes, value);
if (visitor (value)) serialize (num, value, 16 + fromBytes.length() * 2);
}
#endif
};
using SerializablePool = SerializablePoolTpl<SerializablePoolHelpers::SharedPtr>;
using InlineSerializablePool = SerializablePoolTpl<SerializablePoolHelpers::InlinePtr>;
}
#endif // _GLIM_SERIALIZABLEPOOL_HPP_INCLUDED

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#ifndef _TSC_TIMER_H
#define _TSC_TIMER_H
namespace glim {
extern "C" { // http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rdtsc
#if (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__ICC)) && defined(__i386__)
static __inline__ unsigned long long rdTsc(void) {
unsigned long long ret;
__asm__ __volatile__("rdtsc": "=A" (ret));
return ret;
}
#elif (defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__ICC) || defined(__SUNPRO_C)) && defined(__x86_64__)
static __inline__ unsigned long long rdTsc(void) {
unsigned a, d;
asm volatile("rdtsc" : "=a" (a), "=d" (d));
return ((unsigned long long)a) | (((unsigned long long)d) << 32);
}
#endif
}
//! CPU cycles timer. Fast, not safe.
//! cf. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rdtsc
struct TscTimer {
int64_t start;
TscTimer (): start (rdTsc()) {}
int64_t operator()() const {return rdTsc() - start;}
};
}
#endif // _TSC_TIMER_H

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/** \file
* ucontext-based coroutine library designed to emulate a normal control flow around callbacks. */
// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setcontext; man 3 makecontext; man 2 getcontext
// http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_53_0/libs/context/doc/html/index.html
// g++ -std=c++11 -O1 -Wall -g test_cbcoro.cc -pthread && ./a.out
// NB: There is now a coroutine support in Boost ASIO which can be used to make asynchronous APIs look synchronous in a similar way:
// https://svn.boost.org/trac/boost/changeset/84311
#include <ucontext.h>
#include <sys/mman.h> // mmap
#include <string.h> // strerror
#include <mutex>
#include <atomic>
#include <valgrind/valgrind.h>
#include <glim/exception.hpp>
#include <boost/container/flat_map.hpp>
#include <boost/container/slist.hpp>
namespace glim {
/// Simplifies turning callback control flows into normal imperative control flows.
class CBCoro {
public:
/// "Holds" the CBCoro and will delete it when it is no longer used.
struct CBCoroPtr {
CBCoro* _coro;
CBCoroPtr (CBCoro* coro): _coro (coro) {
_coro->_users++;
}
~CBCoroPtr() {
if (--_coro->_users <= 0 && _coro->_delete) delete _coro;
}
CBCoro* operator ->() const {return _coro;}
};
static constexpr size_t defaultStackSize() {return 512 * 1024;}
static constexpr uint8_t defaultCacheSize() {return 2;}
protected:
typedef boost::container::flat_map<size_t, boost::container::slist<void*> > cache_t;
/// The cached stacks; stackSize -> free list.
static cache_t& cache() {static cache_t CACHE; return CACHE;}
static std::mutex& cacheMutex() {static std::mutex CACHE_MUTEX; return CACHE_MUTEX;}
ucontext_t _context;
ucontext_t* _returnTo;
std::recursive_mutex _mutex; ///< This one is locked most of the time.
std::atomic_int_fast32_t _users; ///< Counter used by `CBCoroPtr`.
bool _delete; ///< Whether the `CBCoroPtr` should `delete` this instance when it is no longer used (default is `true`).
bool _invokeFromYield; ///< True if `invokeFromCallback()` was called directly from `yieldForCallback()`.
bool _yieldFromInvoke; ///< True if `yieldForCallback()` now runs from `invokeFromCallback()`.
uint8_t const _cacheStack; ///< Tells `freeStack()` to cache the stack if the number of cached `#_stackSize` stacks is less than it.
void* _stack;
size_t const _stackSize; ///< Keeps the size of the stack.
/// Peek a stack from the cache or allocate one with `mmap` (and register with Valgrind).
virtual void allocateStack() {
if (_cacheStack) {
std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock (cacheMutex());
auto& freeList = cache()[_stackSize];
if (!freeList.empty()) {_stack = freeList.front(); freeList.pop_front(); return;}
}
_stack = mmap (nullptr, _stackSize, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_STACK | MAP_NORESERVE, -1, 0);
if (_stack == MAP_FAILED) GTHROW (std::string ("mmap allocation failed: ") + ::strerror (errno));
#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wunused-value"
VALGRIND_STACK_REGISTER (_stack, (char*) _stack + _stackSize);
}
/// Release a stack into the cache or free it with `munmap` (and deregister with Valgrind).
virtual void freeStack() {
if (_cacheStack) {
std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock (cacheMutex());
auto& freeList = cache()[_stackSize];
if (freeList.size() < _cacheStack) {freeList.push_front (_stack); _stack = nullptr; return;}
}
VALGRIND_STACK_DEREGISTER (_stack);
if (munmap (_stack, _stackSize)) GTHROW (std::string ("!munmap: ") + ::strerror (errno));;
_stack = nullptr;
}
/// Prepare the coroutine (initialize context, allocate stack and register it with Valgrind).
CBCoro (uint8_t cacheStack = defaultCacheSize(), size_t stackSize = defaultStackSize()):
_returnTo (nullptr), _users (0), _delete (true), _invokeFromYield (false), _yieldFromInvoke (false),
_cacheStack (cacheStack), _stack (nullptr), _stackSize (stackSize) {
if (getcontext (&_context)) GTHROW ("!getcontext");
allocateStack();
_context.uc_stack.ss_sp = _stack;
_context.uc_stack.ss_size = stackSize;
}
virtual ~CBCoro() {
freeStack();
}
public:
/// Starts the coroutine on the `_stack` (makecontext, swapcontext), calling the `CBCoro::run`.
CBCoroPtr start() {
CBCoroPtr ptr (this);
ucontext_t back; _context.uc_link = &back;
makecontext (&_context, (void(*)()) cbcRun, 1, (intptr_t) this);
// Since we have to "return" from inside the `yieldForCallback`,
// we're not actually using the `_context.uc_link` and `return`, we use `setcontext (_returnTo)` instead.
_returnTo = &back;
_mutex.lock();
swapcontext (&back, &_context); // Now our stack lives and the caller stack is no longer in control.
_mutex.unlock();
return ptr;
}
protected:
/// Logs exception thrown from `CBCoro::run`.
virtual void log (const std::exception& ex) {
std::cerr << "glim::CBCoro, exception: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
static void cbcRun (CBCoro* cbCoro) {
try {
cbCoro->run();
} catch (const std::exception& ex) {
cbCoro->log (ex);
}
cbCoro->cbcReturn(); // Return the control to the rightful owner, e.g. to a last callback who ran `invokeFromCallback`, or otherwise to `cbcStart`.
}
/// Relinquish the control to the original owner of the thread, restoring its stack.
void cbcReturn() {
ucontext_t* returnTo = _returnTo;
if (returnTo != nullptr) {_returnTo = nullptr; setcontext (returnTo);}
}
/// This method is performed on the CBCoro stack, allowing it to be suspended and then reanimated from callbacks.
virtual void run() = 0;
public:
/** Use this method to wrap a return-via-callback code.
* For example, the callback code \code
* startSomeWork ([=]() {
* continueWhenWorkIsFinished();
* });
* \endcode should be turned into \code
* yieldForCallback ([&]() {
* startSomeWork ([&]() {
* invokeFromCallback();
* });
* });
* continueWhenWorkIsFinished();
* \endcode
*
* Captures the stack, runs the `fun` and relinquish the control to `_returnTo`.\n
* This method will never "return" by itself, in order for it to "return" the
* `fun` MUST call `invokeFromCallback`, maybe later and from a different stack. */
template <typename F> CBCoroPtr yieldForCallback (F fun) {
CBCoroPtr ptr (this);
_yieldFromInvoke = false;
if (getcontext (&_context)) GTHROW ("!getcontext"); // Capture.
if (_yieldFromInvoke) {
// We're now in the future, revived by the `invokeFromCallback`.
// All we do now is "return" to the caller whose stack we captured earlier.
} else {
// We're still in the present, still have some work to do.
fun(); // The `fun` is supposed to do something resulting in the `invokeFromCallback` being called later.
if (_invokeFromYield) {
// The `fun` used the `invokeFromCallback` directly, not resorting to callbacks, meaning we don't have to do our magick.
_invokeFromYield = false;
} else {
// So, the `fun` took measures to revive us later, it's time for us to go into torpor and return the control to whoever we've borrowed it from.
cbcReturn();
}
}
return ptr;
}
/// To be called from a callback in order to lend the control to CBCoro, continuing it from where it called `yieldForCallback`.
CBCoroPtr invokeFromCallback() {
CBCoroPtr ptr (this);
_mutex.lock(); // Wait for an other-thready `yieldForCallback` to finish.
if (_returnTo != nullptr) {
// We have not yet "returned" from the `yieldForCallback`,
// meaning that the `invokeFromCallback` was executed immediately from inside the `yieldForCallback`.
// In that case we must DO NOTHING, we must simply continue running on the current stack.
_invokeFromYield = true; // Tells `yieldForCallback` to do nothing.
} else {
// Revive the CBCoro, letting it continue from where it was suspended in `yieldForCallback`.
ucontext_t cbContext; _returnTo = &cbContext; _yieldFromInvoke = true;
if (swapcontext (&cbContext, &_context)) GTHROW ("!swapcontext");
// NB: When the CBCoro is suspended or exits, the control returns back there and then back to the callback from which we borrowed it.
if (_returnTo == &cbContext) _returnTo = nullptr;
}
_mutex.unlock(); // Other-thready `yieldForCallback` has finished and `cbcReturn`ed here.
return ptr;
}
};
/** CBCoro running a given functor.
* The functor's first argument must be a CBCoro pointer, like this: \code (new CBCoroForFunctor ([](CBCoro* cbcoro) {}))->start(); \endcode */
template <typename FUN> struct CBCoroForFunctor: public CBCoro {
FUN _fun;
template <typename CFUN> CBCoroForFunctor (CFUN&& fun, uint8_t cacheStack, size_t stackSize): CBCoro (cacheStack, stackSize), _fun (std::forward<CFUN> (fun)) {}
virtual void run() {_fun (this);}
virtual ~CBCoroForFunctor() {}
};
/** Syntactic sugar: Runs a given functor in a CBCoro instance.
* Example: \code glim::cbCoro ([](glim::CBCoro* cbcoro) {}); \endcode
* Returns a `CBCoroPtr` to the CBCoro instance holding the `fun` which might be held somewhere in order to delay the deletion of `fun`. */
template <typename FUN> inline CBCoro::CBCoroPtr cbCoro (FUN&& fun, uint8_t cacheStack = CBCoro::defaultCacheSize(), size_t stackSize = CBCoro::defaultStackSize()) {
return (new CBCoroForFunctor<FUN> (std::forward<FUN> (fun), cacheStack, stackSize))->start();
}
}

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#ifndef _GLIM_CHANNEL_INCLUDED
#define _GLIM_CHANNEL_INCLUDED
#include <atomic>
#include <mutex>
#include <thread>
namespace glim {
/// Unbuffered channel.
/// Optimized for a single value (busy-waits on a second one).
template <typename V>
struct Channel {
V _v;
std::mutex _mutex; // Locked when there is no value.
std::atomic_int_fast8_t _state; enum State {EMPTY = 0, WRITING = 1, FULL = 2};
Channel(): _state (EMPTY) {_mutex.lock();}
// Waits until the Channel is empty then stores the value.
template <typename VA> void send (VA&& v) {
for (;;) {
int_fast8_t expectEmpty = EMPTY; if (_state.compare_exchange_weak (expectEmpty, WRITING)) break;
std::this_thread::sleep_for (std::chrono::milliseconds (20));
}
try {_v = std::forward<V> (v);} catch (...) {_state = EMPTY; throw;}
_state = FULL;
_mutex.unlock(); // Allows the reader to proceed.
}
// Waits untill there is a value to receive.
V receive() {
_mutex.lock(); // Wait.
V tmp = std::move (_v);
assert (_state == FULL);
_state = EMPTY;
return tmp;
}
};
} // namespace glim
#endif

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/** \file
* Very simple header-only wrapper around libcurl.\n
* See also: https://github.com/venam/Browser\n
* See also: https://github.com/mologie/curl-asio\n
* See also: http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.web.curl.library/1322 (this one uses a temporary file). */
#ifndef _GLIM_CURL_INCLUDED
#define _GLIM_CURL_INCLUDED
#include "gstring.hpp"
#include "exception.hpp"
#include <curl/curl.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <functional>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdint.h>
namespace glim {
inline size_t curlWriteToString (void *buffer, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userp) {
((std::string*) userp)->append ((const char*) buffer, size * nmemb);
return size * nmemb;};
inline size_t curlReadFromString (void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userdata);
inline size_t curlReadFromGString (void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userdata);
inline size_t curlWriteHeader (void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *curlPtr);
inline int curlDebugCB (CURL* curl, curl_infotype type, char* bytes, size_t size, void* curlPtr);
/**
Simple HTTP requests using cURL.
Example: \code
std::string w3 = glim::Curl() .http ("http://www.w3.org/") .go().str();
\endcode
*/
class Curl {
protected:
Curl (const Curl&): _curl (NULL), _headers (NULL), _sent (0), _needs_cleanup (true) {} // No copying.
public:
struct PerformError: public glim::Exception {
PerformError (const char* message, const char* file, int32_t line):
glim::Exception (message, file, line) {}
};
struct GetinfoError: public glim::Exception {
CURLcode _code; std::string _error;
GetinfoError (CURLcode code, const std::string& error, const char* file, int32_t line):
glim::Exception (error, file, line),
_code (code), _error (error) {}
};
public:
CURL* _curl;
struct curl_slist *_headers;
std::function<void (const char* header, int len)> _headerListener;
std::function<void (curl_infotype type, char* bytes, size_t size)> _debugListener;
std::string _sendStr; ///< We're using `std::string` instead of `gstring` in order to support payloads larger than 16 MiB.
glim::gstring _sendGStr; ///< `gstring::view` and `gstring::ref` allow us to zero-copy.
uint32_t _sent;
std::string _got;
bool _needs_cleanup:1; ///< ~Curl will do `curl_easy_cleanup` if `true`.
char _errorBuf[CURL_ERROR_SIZE];
Curl (Curl&&) = default;
/// @param cleanup can be turned off if the cURL is freed elsewhere.
Curl (bool cleanup = true): _curl (curl_easy_init()), _headers (NULL), _sent (0), _needs_cleanup (cleanup) {
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_NOSIGNAL, 1L); // required per http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/libcurl-tutorial.html#Multi-threading
*_errorBuf = 0;}
/// Wraps an existing handle (will invoke `curl_easy_cleanup` nevertheless).
/// @param cleanup can be turned off if the cURL is freed elsewhere.
Curl (CURL* curl, bool cleanup = true): _curl (curl), _headers (NULL), _sent (0), _needs_cleanup (cleanup) {
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_NOSIGNAL, 1L); // required per http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/libcurl-tutorial.html#Multi-threading
*_errorBuf = 0;}
~Curl(){
if (_headers) {curl_slist_free_all (_headers); _headers = NULL;}
if (_curl) {if (_needs_cleanup) curl_easy_cleanup (_curl); _curl = NULL;}
}
/** Stores the content to be sent into an `std::string` inside `Curl`.
* NB: In order to have an effect this method should be used *before* the `http()` and `smtp()` methods. */
template<typename STR> Curl& send (STR&& text) {
_sendStr = std::forward<STR> (text);
_sendGStr.clear();
_sent = 0;
return *this;}
/// Adds "Content-Type" header into `_headers`.
Curl& contentType (const char* ct) {
char ctb[64]; gstring cth (sizeof (ctb), ctb, false, 0);
cth << "Content-Type: " << ct << "\r\n";
_headers = curl_slist_append (_headers, cth.c_str());
return *this;
}
/// @param fullHeader is a full HTTP header and a newline, e.g. "User-Agent: Me\r\n".
Curl& header (const char* fullHeader) {
_headers = curl_slist_append (_headers, fullHeader);
return *this;
}
/**
Sets the majority of options for the http request.
NB: If `send` was used with a non-empty string then `http` will use `CURLOPT_UPLOAD`, setting http method to `PUT` (use the `method()` to override).
\n
Example: \code
glim::Curl curl;
curl.http (url.c_str()) .go();
std::cout << curl.status() << std::endl << curl.str() << std::endl;
\endcode
*/
Curl& http (const char* url, int timeoutSec = 20) {
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_NOSIGNAL, 1L); // required per http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/libcurl-tutorial.html#Multi-threading
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, curlWriteToString);
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, &_got);
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_TIMEOUT, timeoutSec);
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_PROTOCOLS, CURLPROTO_HTTP);
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_ERRORBUFFER, _errorBuf);
if (_sendStr.size() || _sendGStr.size()) {
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_UPLOAD, 1L); // http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_easy_setopt.html#CURLOPTUPLOAD
if (_sendStr.size()) {
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, (long) _sendStr.size());
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, curlReadFromString);
} else {
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, (long) _sendGStr.size());
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, curlReadFromGString);}
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_READDATA, this);}
if (_headers)
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, _headers); // http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_easy_setopt.html#CURLOPTHTTPHEADER
return *this;
}
/**
Set options for smtp request.
Example: \code
long rc = glim::Curl().send ("Subject: subject\r\n\r\n" "text\r\n") .smtp ("from", "to") .go().status();
if (rc != 250) std::cerr << "Error sending email: " << rc << std::endl;
\endcode */
Curl& smtp (const char* from, const char* to) {
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_NOSIGNAL, 1L); // required per http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/libcurl-tutorial.html#Multi-threading
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_URL, "smtp://127.0.0.1");
if (from) curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_MAIL_FROM, from);
bcc (to);
if (_headers) curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_MAIL_RCPT, _headers);
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, curlWriteToString);
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_WRITEDATA, &_got);
if (_sendStr.size()) {
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, (long) _sendStr.size());
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, curlReadFromString);
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_READDATA, this);
} else if (_sendGStr.size()) {
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_INFILESIZE, (long) _sendGStr.size());
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_READFUNCTION, curlReadFromGString);
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_READDATA, this);
}
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_UPLOAD, 1L); // cURL now needs this to actually send the email, cf. "http://curl.haxx.se/mail/lib-2013-12/0152.html".
return *this;
}
/** Add SMTP recipient to the `_headers` (which are then set into `CURLOPT_MAIL_RCPT` by the `Curl::smtp`).
* NB: Should be used *before* the `Curl::smtp`! */
Curl& bcc (const char* to) {
if (to) _headers = curl_slist_append (_headers, to);
return *this;
}
/**
Uses `CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST` to set the http method.
Can be used both before and after the `http` method.\n
Example sending a POST request to ElasticSearch: \code
glim::Curl curl;
curl.send (C2GSTRING (R"({"query":{"match_all":{}},"facets":{"tags":{"terms":{"field":"tags","size":1000}}}})"));
curl.method ("POST") .http ("http://127.0.0.1:9200/froples/frople/_search", 120);
if (curl.verbose().go().status() != 200) GTHROW ("Error fetching tags: " + std::to_string (curl.status()) + ", " + curl.str());
cout << curl.gstr() << endl;
\endcode */
Curl& method (const char* method) {
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_CUSTOMREQUEST, method);
return *this;
}
/** Setup a handler to process the headers cURL gets from the response.
* "The header callback will be called once for each header and only complete header lines are passed on to the callback".\n
* See http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_easy_setopt.html#CURLOPTHEADERFUNCTION */
Curl& headerListener (std::function<void (const char* header, int len)> listener) {
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_HEADERFUNCTION, curlWriteHeader);
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_WRITEHEADER, this);
_headerListener = listener;
return *this;
}
/** Setup a handler to get the debug messages generated by cURL.
* See http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_easy_setopt.html#CURLOPTDEBUGFUNCTION */
Curl& debugListener (std::function<void (curl_infotype type, char* bytes, size_t size)> listener) {
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_DEBUGFUNCTION, curlDebugCB);
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_DEBUGDATA, this);
_debugListener = listener;
return verbose (true);
}
/**
Setup a handler to get some of the debug messages generated by cURL.
Listener gets a formatted text: outbound data is prepended with "> " and inbound with "< ".\n
Usage example: \code
auto curlDebug = std::make_shared<std::string>();
curl->debugListenerF ([curlDebug](const char* bytes, size_t size) {curlDebug->append (bytes, size);});
...
if (curl->status() != 200) std::cerr << "cURL status != 200; debug follows: " << *curlDebug << std::endl;
\endcode
See http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_easy_setopt.html#CURLOPTDEBUGFUNCTION
@param listener The receiver of the debug information.
@param data Whether to pass the data (`CURLINFO_DATA_IN`, `CURLINFO_DATA_OUT`) to the `listener`.
*/
Curl& debugListenerF (std::function<void (const char* bytes, size_t size)> listener, bool data = false) {
return debugListener ([listener/* = std::move (listener)*/,data] (curl_infotype type, char* bytes, size_t size) {
GSTRING_ON_STACK (buf, 256);
auto prepend = [&](const char* prefix) {
buf << prefix; for (char *p = bytes, *end = bytes + size; p < end; ++p) {buf << *p; if (*p == '\n' && p + 2 < end) buf << prefix;}};
if (type == CURLINFO_HEADER_IN || (type == CURLINFO_DATA_IN && data)) prepend ("< ");
else if (type == CURLINFO_HEADER_OUT || (type == CURLINFO_DATA_OUT && data)) prepend ("> ");
listener (buf.c_str(), buf.size());
});
}
/// Whether to print debug information to `CURLOPT_STDERR`.
/// Note that when `debugListener` is used, verbose output will go to the listener and not to `CURLOPT_STDERR`.
Curl& verbose (bool on = true) {
curl_easy_setopt (_curl, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, on ? 1L : 0L);
return *this;
}
/// Reset the buffers and perform the cURL request.
Curl& go() {
_got.clear();
*_errorBuf = 0;
if (curl_easy_perform (_curl)) throw PerformError (_errorBuf, __FILE__, __LINE__);
return *this;
}
/// The contents of the response.
const std::string& str() const {return _got;}
/// CString of `str`.
const char* c_str() const {return _got.c_str();}
/// Returns a gstring "view" into `str`.
gstring gstr() const {return gstring (0, (void*) _got.data(), false, _got.size());}
/// The status of the response (For HTTP it's 200 ok, 404 not found, 500 error, etc).
long status() const {
long status; CURLcode err = curl_easy_getinfo (_curl, CURLINFO_RESPONSE_CODE, &status);
if (err) {
GSTRING_ON_STACK (message, 128) << "CURL error " << (int) err << ": " << curl_easy_strerror (err);
throw GetinfoError (err, message.str(), __FILE__, __LINE__);
}
return status;}
};
/** Moves the content to be sent into a `glim::gstring` inside `Curl`.
* NB: In order to have an effect this method should be used *before* the `http()` and `smtp()` methods. */
template<> inline Curl& Curl::send<gstring> (gstring&& text) {
_sendStr.clear();
_sendGStr = std::move (text);
_sent = 0;
return *this;}
inline size_t curlReadFromString (void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userdata) {
Curl* curl = (Curl*) userdata;
size_t len = std::min (curl->_sendStr.size() - curl->_sent, size * nmemb);
if (len) memcpy (ptr, curl->_sendStr.data() + curl->_sent, len);
curl->_sent += len;
return len;}
inline size_t curlReadFromGString (void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *userdata) {
Curl* curl = (Curl*) userdata;
size_t len = std::min (curl->_sendGStr.size() - curl->_sent, size * nmemb);
if (len) memcpy (ptr, curl->_sendGStr.data() + curl->_sent, len);
curl->_sent += len;
return len;}
// http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_easy_setopt.html#CURLOPTHEADERFUNCTION
inline size_t curlWriteHeader (void *ptr, size_t size, size_t nmemb, void *curlPtr) {
Curl* curl = (Curl*) curlPtr;
std::function<void (const char* header, int len)>& listener = curl->_headerListener;
int len = size * nmemb;
if (listener) listener ((const char*) ptr, len);
return (size_t) len;
}
// http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_easy_setopt.html#CURLOPTDEBUGFUNCTION
inline int curlDebugCB (CURL*, curl_infotype type, char* bytes, size_t size, void* curlPtr) {
Curl* curl = (Curl*) curlPtr;
auto& listener = curl->_debugListener;
if (listener) listener (type, bytes, size);
return 0;
}
/// Example: std::string w3 = glim::curl2str ("http://www.w3.org/");
inline std::string curl2str (const char* url, int timeoutSec = 20) {
try {
return glim::Curl().http (url, timeoutSec) .go().str();
} catch (const std::exception&) {}
return std::string();
}
}
#endif

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# Doxyfile 1.8.4; http://www.stack.nl/~dimitri/doxygen/manual/config.html
DOXYFILE_ENCODING = UTF-8
PROJECT_NAME = "libglim"
PROJECT_NUMBER = 0.7
OUTPUT_DIRECTORY = doc
CREATE_SUBDIRS = NO
OUTPUT_LANGUAGE = English
BRIEF_MEMBER_DESC = YES
REPEAT_BRIEF = YES
ALWAYS_DETAILED_SEC = NO
INLINE_INHERITED_MEMB = NO
FULL_PATH_NAMES = NO
SHORT_NAMES = NO
JAVADOC_AUTOBRIEF = YES
QT_AUTOBRIEF = NO
MULTILINE_CPP_IS_BRIEF = NO
INHERIT_DOCS = YES
SEPARATE_MEMBER_PAGES = NO
TAB_SIZE = 2
OPTIMIZE_OUTPUT_FOR_C = YES
OPTIMIZE_OUTPUT_JAVA = NO
OPTIMIZE_FOR_FORTRAN = NO
OPTIMIZE_OUTPUT_VHDL = NO
# http://daringfireball.net/projects/markdown/
MARKDOWN_SUPPORT = YES
AUTOLINK_SUPPORT = YES
BUILTIN_STL_SUPPORT = YES
CPP_CLI_SUPPORT = NO
SIP_SUPPORT = NO
IDL_PROPERTY_SUPPORT = NO
DISTRIBUTE_GROUP_DOC = NO
SUBGROUPING = YES
INLINE_GROUPED_CLASSES = NO
INLINE_SIMPLE_STRUCTS = YES
TYPEDEF_HIDES_STRUCT = NO
LOOKUP_CACHE_SIZE = 0
EXTRACT_ALL = NO
EXTRACT_PRIVATE = NO
EXTRACT_PACKAGE = NO
EXTRACT_STATIC = NO
EXTRACT_LOCAL_CLASSES = YES
EXTRACT_LOCAL_METHODS = NO
EXTRACT_ANON_NSPACES = NO
HIDE_UNDOC_MEMBERS = YES
HIDE_UNDOC_CLASSES = YES
HIDE_FRIEND_COMPOUNDS = NO
HIDE_IN_BODY_DOCS = NO
INTERNAL_DOCS = NO
CASE_SENSE_NAMES = YES
HIDE_SCOPE_NAMES = NO
SHOW_INCLUDE_FILES = YES
FORCE_LOCAL_INCLUDES = NO
INLINE_INFO = YES
SORT_MEMBER_DOCS = YES
SORT_BRIEF_DOCS = YES
SORT_MEMBERS_CTORS_1ST = NO
SORT_GROUP_NAMES = NO
SORT_BY_SCOPE_NAME = NO
STRICT_PROTO_MATCHING = NO
GENERATE_TODOLIST = YES
GENERATE_TESTLIST = YES
GENERATE_BUGLIST = YES
GENERATE_DEPRECATEDLIST= YES
MAX_INITIALIZER_LINES = 30
SHOW_USED_FILES = YES
SHOW_FILES = YES
SHOW_NAMESPACES = YES
QUIET = NO
WARNINGS = YES
WARN_IF_UNDOCUMENTED = NO
WARN_IF_DOC_ERROR = YES
WARN_NO_PARAMDOC = NO
WARN_FORMAT = "$file:$line: $text"
INPUT = ./
INPUT_ENCODING = UTF-8
FILE_PATTERNS = *.hpp
RECURSIVE = NO
EXCLUDE =
EXCLUDE_SYMLINKS = NO
EXCLUDE_PATTERNS =
EXCLUDE_SYMBOLS =
EXAMPLE_PATH =
EXAMPLE_PATTERNS = test_*.cc
EXAMPLE_RECURSIVE = NO
IMAGE_PATH =
FILTER_SOURCE_FILES = NO
SOURCE_BROWSER = NO
INLINE_SOURCES = NO
STRIP_CODE_COMMENTS = NO
REFERENCED_BY_RELATION = NO
REFERENCES_RELATION = NO
REFERENCES_LINK_SOURCE = YES
USE_HTAGS = NO
VERBATIM_HEADERS = YES
CLANG_ASSISTED_PARSING = NO
ALPHABETICAL_INDEX = YES
COLS_IN_ALPHA_INDEX = 5
GENERATE_HTML = YES
HTML_OUTPUT = html
HTML_FILE_EXTENSION = .html
HTML_HEADER =
HTML_FOOTER =
HTML_STYLESHEET =
HTML_EXTRA_STYLESHEET =
HTML_EXTRA_FILES =
HTML_COLORSTYLE_HUE = 220
HTML_COLORSTYLE_SAT = 100
HTML_COLORSTYLE_GAMMA = 80
HTML_TIMESTAMP = YES
HTML_DYNAMIC_SECTIONS = NO
HTML_INDEX_NUM_ENTRIES = 100
GENERATE_DOCSET = NO
DOCSET_FEEDNAME = "Doxygen generated docs"
DOCSET_BUNDLE_ID = org.doxygen.Project
DOCSET_PUBLISHER_ID = org.doxygen.Publisher
DOCSET_PUBLISHER_NAME = Publisher
GENERATE_HTMLHELP = NO
CHM_FILE =
HHC_LOCATION =
GENERATE_CHI = NO
CHM_INDEX_ENCODING =
BINARY_TOC = NO
TOC_EXPAND = NO
GENERATE_QHP = NO
QCH_FILE =
QHP_NAMESPACE = org.doxygen.Project
QHP_VIRTUAL_FOLDER = doc
QHP_CUST_FILTER_NAME =
QHP_CUST_FILTER_ATTRS =
QHP_SECT_FILTER_ATTRS =
QHG_LOCATION =
GENERATE_ECLIPSEHELP = NO
ECLIPSE_DOC_ID = org.doxygen.Project
DISABLE_INDEX = NO
GENERATE_TREEVIEW = NO
ENUM_VALUES_PER_LINE = 4
TREEVIEW_WIDTH = 250
EXT_LINKS_IN_WINDOW = NO
FORMULA_FONTSIZE = 10
FORMULA_TRANSPARENT = YES
USE_MATHJAX = NO
MATHJAX_FORMAT = HTML-CSS
MATHJAX_RELPATH = http://cdn.mathjax.org/mathjax/latest
MATHJAX_EXTENSIONS =
MATHJAX_CODEFILE =
SEARCHENGINE = YES
SERVER_BASED_SEARCH = NO
EXTERNAL_SEARCH = NO
SEARCHENGINE_URL =
SEARCHDATA_FILE = searchdata.xml
EXTERNAL_SEARCH_ID =
EXTRA_SEARCH_MAPPINGS =
GENERATE_LATEX = YES
LATEX_OUTPUT = latex
LATEX_CMD_NAME = latex
MAKEINDEX_CMD_NAME = makeindex
COMPACT_LATEX = NO
PAPER_TYPE = a4
EXTRA_PACKAGES =
LATEX_HEADER =
LATEX_FOOTER =
LATEX_EXTRA_FILES =
PDF_HYPERLINKS = YES
USE_PDFLATEX = NO
LATEX_BATCHMODE = NO
LATEX_HIDE_INDICES = NO
LATEX_SOURCE_CODE = NO
LATEX_BIB_STYLE = plain
GENERATE_RTF = NO
RTF_OUTPUT = rtf
COMPACT_RTF = NO
RTF_HYPERLINKS = NO
RTF_STYLESHEET_FILE =
RTF_EXTENSIONS_FILE =
GENERATE_MAN = NO
MAN_OUTPUT = man
MAN_EXTENSION = .3
MAN_LINKS = NO
GENERATE_XML = NO
XML_OUTPUT = xml
XML_SCHEMA =
XML_DTD =
XML_PROGRAMLISTING = YES
GENERATE_DOCBOOK = NO
DOCBOOK_OUTPUT = docbook
GENERATE_AUTOGEN_DEF = NO
GENERATE_PERLMOD = NO
PERLMOD_LATEX = NO
PERLMOD_PRETTY = YES
PERLMOD_MAKEVAR_PREFIX =
ENABLE_PREPROCESSING = YES
MACRO_EXPANSION = NO
EXPAND_ONLY_PREDEF = NO
SEARCH_INCLUDES = YES
INCLUDE_PATH =
INCLUDE_FILE_PATTERNS =
PREDEFINED =
EXPAND_AS_DEFINED =
SKIP_FUNCTION_MACROS = YES
TAGFILES =
GENERATE_TAGFILE =
ALLEXTERNALS = NO
EXTERNAL_GROUPS = YES
EXTERNAL_PAGES = YES
PERL_PATH = /usr/bin/perl
CLASS_DIAGRAMS = YES
MSCGEN_PATH =
HIDE_UNDOC_RELATIONS = YES
HAVE_DOT = NO
DOT_NUM_THREADS = 0
DOT_FONTNAME = Helvetica
DOT_FONTSIZE = 10
DOT_FONTPATH =
CLASS_GRAPH = YES
COLLABORATION_GRAPH = YES
GROUP_GRAPHS = YES
UML_LOOK = NO
UML_LIMIT_NUM_FIELDS = 10
TEMPLATE_RELATIONS = NO
INCLUDE_GRAPH = YES
INCLUDED_BY_GRAPH = YES
CALL_GRAPH = NO
CALLER_GRAPH = NO
GRAPHICAL_HIERARCHY = YES
DIRECTORY_GRAPH = YES
DOT_IMAGE_FORMAT = png
INTERACTIVE_SVG = NO
DOT_PATH =
DOTFILE_DIRS =
MSCFILE_DIRS =
DOT_GRAPH_MAX_NODES = 50
MAX_DOT_GRAPH_DEPTH = 0
DOT_TRANSPARENT = NO
DOT_MULTI_TARGETS = NO
GENERATE_LEGEND = YES
DOT_CLEANUP = YES

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#ifndef _GLIM_EXCEPTION_HPP_INCLUDED
#define _GLIM_EXCEPTION_HPP_INCLUDED
/// \file
/// Exceptions with configurable behaviour.
/// Requires `thread_local` support introduced in [gcc-4.8](http://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-4.8/changes.html)
/// (`__thread` is not reliable with GCC 4.7.2 across shared libraries).
#include <stdexcept>
#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdlib.h> // free
#include <unistd.h> // write
/// Throws `::glim::Exception` passing the current file and line into constructor.
#define GTHROW(message) throw ::glim::Exception (message, __FILE__, __LINE__)
/// Throws a `::glim::Exception` derived exception `name` passing the current file and line into constructor.
#define GNTHROW(name, message) throw name (message, __FILE__, __LINE__)
/// Helps defining new `::glim::Exception`-based exceptions.
/// Named exceptions might be useful in a debugger.
#define G_DEFINE_EXCEPTION(name) \
struct name: public ::glim::Exception { \
name (const ::std::string& message, const char* file, int line): ::glim::Exception (message, file, line) {} \
}
// Workaround to compile under GCC 4.7.
#if defined (__GNUC__) && __GNUC__ == 4 && __GNUC_MINOR__ == 7 && !defined (thread_local)
# define thread_local __thread
#endif
namespace glim {
// Ideas:
// RAII control via thread-local integer (with bits): option to capture stack trace (printed on "what()")
// see http://stacktrace.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/stacktrace/stacktrace/call_stack_gcc.cpp?revision=40&view=markup
// A handler to log exception with VALGRIND (with optional trace)
// A handler to log thread id and *pause* the thread in exception constructor (user can attach GDB and investigate)
// (or we might call an empty function: "I once used something similar,
// but with an empty function debug_breakpoint. When debugging, I simply entered "bre debug_breakpoint"
// at the gdb prompt - no asembler needed (compile debug_breakpoint in a separate compilation unit to avoid having the call optimized away)."
// - http://stackoverflow.com/a/4720403/257568)
// A handler to call a debugger? (see: http://stackoverflow.com/a/4732119/257568)
// todo: Try a helper which uses cairo's backtrace-symbols.c
// http://code.ohloh.net/file?fid=zUOUdEl-Id-ijyPOmCkVnBJt2d8&cid=zGpizbyIjEw&s=addr2line&browser=Default#L7
// todo: Try a helper which uses cairo's lookup-symbol.c
// http://code.ohloh.net/file?fid=Je2jZqsOxge_SvWVrvywn2I0TIs&cid=zGpizbyIjEw&s=addr2line&browser=Default#L0
// todo: A helper converting backtrace to addr2line invocation, e.g.
// bin/test_exception() [0x4020cc];bin/test_exception(__cxa_throw+0x47) [0x402277];bin/test_exception() [0x401c06];/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc.so.6(__libc_start_main+0xfd) [0x57f0ead];bin/test_exception() [0x401fd1];
// should be converted to
// addr2line -pifCa -e bin/test_exception 0x4020cc 0x402277 0x401c06 0x57f0ead 0x401fd1
//
// The helper should read the shared library addresses from /proc/.../map and generate separate addr2line invocations
// for groups of addresses inside the same shared library.
// => dladdr instead of /proc/../map; http://stackoverflow.com/a/2606152/257568
//
// Shared libraries (http://stackoverflow.com/a/7557756/257568).
// Example, backtrace: /usr/local/lib/libfrople.so(_ZN5mongo14BSONObjBuilder8appendAsERKNS_11BSONElementERKNS_10StringDataE+0x1ca) [0x2aef5b45eb8a]
// cat /proc/23630/maps | grep libfrople
// -> 2aef5b363000-2aef5b53e000
// 0x2aef5b45eb8a - 2aef5b363000 = FBB8A
// addr2line -pifCa -e /usr/local/lib/libfrople.so 0xFBB8A
//
// cat /proc/`pidof FropleAndImg2`/maps | grep libfrople
// addr2line -pifCa -e /usr/local/lib/libfrople.so `perl -e 'printf ("%x", 0x2aef5b45eb8a - 0x2aef5b363000)'`
inline void captureBacktrace (void* stdStringPtr);
typedef void (*exception_handler_fn)(void*);
/// Exception with file and line information and optional stack trace capture.
/// Requires `thread_local` support ([gcc-4.8](http://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-4.8/changes.html)).
class Exception: public std::runtime_error {
protected:
const char* _file; int32_t _line;
std::string _what;
uint32_t _options;
/// Append [{file}:{line}] into `buf`.
void appendLine (std::string& buf) const {
if (_file || _line > 0) {
std::ostringstream oss;
oss << '[';
if (_file) oss << _file;
if (_line >= 0) oss << ':' << _line;
oss << "] ";
buf.append (oss.str());
}
}
/// Append a stack trace to `_what`.
void capture() {
if (_options & RENDEZVOUS) rendezvous();
if (_options & CAPTURE_TRACE) {
appendLine (_what);
_what += "[at ";
captureBacktrace (&_what);
_what.append ("] ");
_what += std::runtime_error::what();
}
}
public:
/** The reference to the thread-local options. */
inline static uint32_t& options() {
static thread_local uint32_t EXCEPTION_OPTIONS = 0;
return EXCEPTION_OPTIONS;
}
enum Options: uint32_t {
PLAIN_WHAT = 1, ///< Pass `what` as is, do not add any information to it.
HANDLE_ALL = 1 << 1, ///< Run the custom handler from `__cxa_throw`.
CAPTURE_TRACE = 1 << 2, ///< Append a stack trace into the `Exception::_what` (with the help of the `captureBacktrace`).
RENDEZVOUS = 1 << 3 ///< Call the rendezvous function in `throw` and in `what`, so that the GDB can catch it (break glim::Exception::rendezvous).
};
/** The pointer to the thread-local exception handler. */
inline static exception_handler_fn* handler() {
static thread_local exception_handler_fn EXCEPTION_HANDLER = nullptr;
return &EXCEPTION_HANDLER;
}
/** The pointer to the thread-local argument for the exception handler. */
inline static void** handlerArg() {
static thread_local void* EXCEPTION_HANDLER_ARG = nullptr;
return &EXCEPTION_HANDLER_ARG;
}
/// Invoked when the `RENDEZVOUS` option is set in order to help the debugger catch the exception (break glim::Exception::rendezvous).
static void rendezvous() __attribute__((noinline)) {
asm (""); // Prevents the function from being optimized away.
}
Exception (const std::string& message):
std::runtime_error (message), _file (0), _line (-1), _options (options()) {
capture();}
Exception (const std::string& message, const char* file, int32_t line):
std::runtime_error (message), _file (file), _line (line), _options (options()) {
capture();}
~Exception() throw() {}
virtual const char* what() const throw() {
if (_options & RENDEZVOUS) rendezvous();
if (_options & PLAIN_WHAT) return std::runtime_error::what();
std::string& buf = const_cast<std::string&> (_what);
if (buf.empty()) {
appendLine (buf);
buf.append (std::runtime_error::what());
}
return buf.c_str();
}
};
/// RAII control of thrown `Exception`s.
/// Example: \code
/// glim::ExceptionControl trace (glim::Exception::Options::CAPTURE_TRACE);
/// \endcode
/// Modifies the `Exception` options via a thread-local variable and restores them back upon destruction.\n
/// Currently uses http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.7.2/gcc/Thread_002dLocal.html
/// (might use C++11 `thread_local` in the future).
class ExceptionControl {
protected:
uint32_t _savedOptions;
public:
ExceptionControl (uint32_t newOptions) {
uint32_t& options = Exception::options();
_savedOptions = options;
options = newOptions;
}
~ExceptionControl() {
Exception::options() = _savedOptions;
}
};
class ExceptionHandler {
protected:
uint32_t _savedOptions;
exception_handler_fn _savedHandler;
void* _savedHandlerArg;
public:
ExceptionHandler (uint32_t newOptions, exception_handler_fn handler, void* handlerArg) {
uint32_t& options = Exception::options(); _savedOptions = options; options = newOptions;
exception_handler_fn* handler_ = Exception::handler(); _savedHandler = *handler_; *handler_ = handler;
void** handlerArg_ = Exception::handlerArg(); _savedHandlerArg = *handlerArg_; *handlerArg_ = handlerArg;
}
~ExceptionHandler() {
Exception::options() = _savedOptions;
*Exception::handler() = _savedHandler;
*Exception::handlerArg() = _savedHandlerArg;
}
};
} // namespace glim
#if defined(__GNUC__) && (defined (__linux__) || defined (_SYSTYPE_BSD))
# include <execinfo.h> // backtrace; http://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Backtraces.html
# define _GLIM_USE_EXECINFO
#endif
namespace glim {
/** If `stdStringPtr` is not null then backtrace is saved there (must point to an std::string instance),
* otherwise printed to write(2). */
void captureBacktrace (void* stdStringPtr) {
#ifdef _GLIM_USE_EXECINFO
const int arraySize = 10; void *array[arraySize];
int got = ::backtrace (array, arraySize);
if (stdStringPtr) {
std::string* out = (std::string*) stdStringPtr;
char **strings = ::backtrace_symbols (array, got);
for (int tn = 0; tn < got; ++tn) {out->append (strings[tn]); out->append (1, ';');}
::free (strings);
} else ::backtrace_symbols_fd (array, got, 2);
#else
# warning captureBacktrace: I do not know how to capture backtrace there. Patches welcome.
#endif
}
} // namespace glim
#endif // _GLIM_EXCEPTION_HPP_INCLUDED
/**
* Special handler for ALL exceptions. Usage:
* 1) In the `main` module inject this code with:
* #define _GLIM_ALL_EXCEPTIONS_CODE
* #include <glim/exception.hpp>
* 2) Link with "-ldl" (for `dlsym`).
* 3) Use the ExceptionHandler to enable special behaviour in the current thread:
* glim::ExceptionHandler traceExceptions (glim::Exception::Options::HANDLE_ALL, glim::captureBacktrace, nullptr);
*
* About handing all exceptions see:
* http://stackoverflow.com/a/11674810/257568
* http://blog.sjinks.pro/c-cpp/969-track-uncaught-exceptions/
*/
#ifdef _GLIM_ALL_EXCEPTIONS_CODE
#include <dlfcn.h> // dlsym
typedef void(*cxa_throw_type)(void*, void*, void(*)(void*)); // Tested with GCC 4.7.
static cxa_throw_type NATIVE_CXA_THROW = 0;
extern "C" void __cxa_throw (void* thrown_exception, void* tinfo, void (*dest)(void*)) {
if (!NATIVE_CXA_THROW) NATIVE_CXA_THROW = reinterpret_cast<cxa_throw_type> (::dlsym (RTLD_NEXT, "__cxa_throw"));
if (!NATIVE_CXA_THROW) ::std::terminate();
using namespace glim;
uint32_t options = Exception::options();
if (options & Exception::RENDEZVOUS) Exception::rendezvous();
if (options & Exception::HANDLE_ALL) {
exception_handler_fn handler = *Exception::handler();
if (handler) handler (*Exception::handlerArg());
}
NATIVE_CXA_THROW (thrown_exception, tinfo, dest);
}
#undef _GLIM_ALL_EXCEPTIONS_CODE
#endif // _GLIM_ALL_EXCEPTIONS_CODE

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#ifndef _GSTRING_INCLUDED
#define _GSTRING_INCLUDED
/**
* A C++ char string.\n
* Can reuse (stack-allocated) buffers.\n
* Can create zero-copy views.
* @code
Copyright 2012 Kozarezov Artem Aleksandrovich
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
* @endcode
* @file
*/
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdlib.h> // malloc, realloc, free
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h> // memcpy, memmem
#include <stdio.h> // snprintf
#include <stdexcept>
#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
#include "exception.hpp"
/// Make a read-only gstring from a C string: `const gstring foo = C2GSTRING("foo")`.
#define C2GSTRING(CSTR) ::glim::gstring (::glim::gstring::ReferenceConstructor(), CSTR, sizeof (CSTR) - 1, true)
/// Usage: GSTRING_ON_STACK (buf, 64) << "foo" << "bar";
#define GSTRING_ON_STACK(NAME, SIZE) char NAME##Buf[SIZE]; ::glim::gstring NAME (SIZE, NAME##Buf, false, 0); NAME.self()
namespace glim {
/**
* Based on: C++ version 0.4 char* style "itoa": Written by Lukás Chmela, http://www.strudel.org.uk/itoa/ (GPLv3).
* Returns a pointer to the end of the string.
* NB about `inline`: http://stackoverflow.com/a/1759575/257568
* @param base Maximum is 36 (see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_36).
*/
inline char* itoa (char* ptr, int64_t value, const int base = 10) {
// check that the base is valid
if (base < 2 || base > 36) {*ptr = '\0'; return ptr;}
char *ptr1 = ptr;
int64_t tmp_value;
do {
tmp_value = value;
value /= base;
*ptr++ = "zyxwvutsrqponmlkjihgfedcba9876543210123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz" [35 + (tmp_value - value * base)];
} while (value);
// Apply negative sign
if (tmp_value < 0) *ptr++ = '-';
char* end = ptr;
*ptr-- = '\0';
char tmp_char;
while (ptr1 < ptr) {
tmp_char = *ptr;
*ptr--= *ptr1;
*ptr1++ = tmp_char;
}
return end;
}
class gstring_stream;
class gstring {
enum Flags {
FREE_FLAG = 0x80000000, // 1st bit; `_buf` needs `free`ing
FREE_OFFSET = 31,
REF_FLAG = 0x40000000, // 2nd bit; `_buf` has an extended life-time (such as C string literals) and can be shared (passed by reference)
REF_OFFSET = 30,
CAPACITY_MASK = 0x3F000000, // 3..8 bits; `_buf` size is 2^this
CAPACITY_OFFSET = 24,
LENGTH_MASK = 0x00FFFFFF, // 9th bit; allocated capacity
};
uint32_t _meta;
public:
void* _buf;
public:
constexpr gstring() noexcept: _meta (0), _buf (nullptr) {}
/**
* Reuse `buf` of size `bufSize`.
* To fully use `buf` the `bufSize` should be the power of two.
* @param bufSize The size of the memory allocated to `buf`.
* @param buf The memory region to be reused.
* @param free Whether the `buf` should be `free`d on resize or gstring destruction.
* @param length String length inside the `buf`.
* @param ref If true then the `buf` isn't copied by gstring's copy constructors.
* This is useful for wrapping C string literals.
*/
explicit gstring (uint32_t bufSize, void* buf, bool free, uint32_t length, bool ref = false) noexcept {
uint32_t power = 0; while (((uint32_t) 1 << (power + 1)) <= bufSize) ++power;
_meta = ((uint32_t) free << FREE_OFFSET) |
((uint32_t) ref << REF_OFFSET) |
(power << CAPACITY_OFFSET) |
(length & LENGTH_MASK);
_buf = buf;
}
struct ReferenceConstructor {};
/// Make a view to the given cstring.
/// @param buf The memory region to be reused.
/// @param length String length inside the `buf`.
/// @param ref If true then the `buf` isn't copied by gstring's copy constructors.
/// This is useful for wrapping C string literals.
explicit constexpr gstring (ReferenceConstructor, const char* buf, uint32_t length, bool ref = false) noexcept:
_meta (((uint32_t) ref << REF_OFFSET) | (length & LENGTH_MASK)), _buf ((void*) buf) {}
/// Copy the characters into `gstring`.
gstring (const char* chars): _meta (0), _buf (nullptr) {
if (chars && *chars) {
size_t length = ::strlen (chars);
_buf = ::malloc (length);
::memcpy (_buf, chars, length);
_meta = (uint32_t) FREE_FLAG |
(length & LENGTH_MASK);
}
}
/// Copy the characters into `gstring`.
gstring (const char* chars, size_t length) {
if (length != 0) {
_buf = ::malloc (length);
::memcpy (_buf, chars, length);
} else _buf = nullptr;
_meta = (uint32_t) FREE_FLAG |
(length & LENGTH_MASK);
}
/// Copy into `gstring`.
gstring (const std::string& str): _meta (0), _buf (nullptr) {
if (!str.empty()) {
_buf = ::malloc (str.length());
::memcpy (_buf, str.data(), str.length());
_meta = (uint32_t) FREE_FLAG |
(str.length() & LENGTH_MASK);
}
}
/// If `gstr` is `copiedByReference` then make a shallow copy of it,
/// otherwise copy `gstr` contents into a `malloc`ed buffer.
gstring (const gstring& gstr) {
uint32_t glen = gstr.length();
if (glen != 0) {
if (gstr.copiedByReference()) {
_meta = gstr._meta; _buf = gstr._buf;
} else {
_buf = ::malloc (glen);
if (!_buf) GTHROW ("!malloc");
::memcpy (_buf, gstr._buf, glen);
_meta = (uint32_t) FREE_FLAG |
(glen & LENGTH_MASK);
}
} else {
_meta = 0; _buf = nullptr;
}
}
gstring (gstring&& gstr) noexcept: _meta (gstr._meta), _buf (gstr._buf) {
gstr._meta = 0; gstr._buf = nullptr;
}
gstring& operator = (const gstring& gstr) {
// cf. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/9322174/move-assignment-operator-and-if-this-rhs
if (this != &gstr) {
uint32_t glen = gstr.length();
uint32_t power = 0;
uint32_t capacity = this->capacity();
if (glen <= capacity && capacity > 1) { // `capacity <= 1` means there is no _buf.
// We reuse existing buffer. Keep capacity info.
power = (_meta & CAPACITY_MASK) >> CAPACITY_OFFSET;
} else {
if (_buf != nullptr && needsFreeing()) ::free (_buf);
if (gstr.copiedByReference()) {
_meta = gstr._meta; _buf = gstr._buf;
return *this;
}
_buf = ::malloc (glen);
if (_buf == nullptr) GTHROW ("malloc failed");
}
::memcpy (_buf, gstr._buf, glen);
_meta = (uint32_t) FREE_FLAG |
(power << CAPACITY_OFFSET) |
(glen & LENGTH_MASK);
}
return *this;
}
gstring& operator = (gstring&& gstr) noexcept {
assert (this != &gstr);
if (_buf != nullptr && needsFreeing()) free (_buf);
_meta = gstr._meta; _buf = gstr._buf;
gstr._meta = 0; gstr._buf = nullptr;
return *this;
}
/// Return a copy of the string.
gstring clone() const {return gstring (data(), length());}
/// If the gstring's buffer is not owned then copy the bytes into the owned one.
/// Useful for turning a stack-allocated gstring into a heap-allocated gstring.
gstring& owned() {if (!needsFreeing()) *this = gstring (data(), length()); return *this;}
/** Returns a reference to the gstring: when the reference is copied the internal buffer is not copied but referenced (shallow copy).\n
* This method should only be used if it is know that the life-time of the reference and its copies is less than the life-time of the buffer. */
gstring ref() const noexcept {return gstring (0, _buf, false, length(), true);}
bool needsFreeing() const noexcept {return _meta & FREE_FLAG;}
bool copiedByReference() const noexcept {return _meta & REF_FLAG;}
/// Current buffer capacity (memory allocated to the string). Returns 1 if no memory allocated.
uint32_t capacity() const noexcept {return 1 << ((_meta & CAPACITY_MASK) >> CAPACITY_OFFSET);}
uint32_t length() const noexcept {return _meta & LENGTH_MASK;}
size_t size() const noexcept {return _meta & LENGTH_MASK;}
bool empty() const noexcept {return (_meta & LENGTH_MASK) == 0;}
std::string str() const {size_t len = size(); return len ? std::string ((const char*) _buf, len) : std::string();}
/// NB: might move the string to a new buffer.
const char* c_str() const {
uint32_t len = length(); if (len == 0) return "";
uint32_t cap = capacity();
// c_str should work even for const gstring's, otherwise it's too much of a pain.
if (cap < len + 1) const_cast<gstring*> (this) ->reserve (len + 1);
char* buf = (char*) _buf; buf[len] = 0; return buf;
}
bool equals (const char* cstr) const noexcept {
const char* cstr_; uint32_t clen_;
if (cstr != nullptr) {cstr_ = cstr; clen_ = strlen (cstr);} else {cstr_ = ""; clen_ = 0;}
const uint32_t len = length();
if (len != clen_) return false;
const char* gstr_ = _buf != nullptr ? (const char*) _buf : "";
return memcmp (gstr_, cstr_, len) == 0;
}
bool equals (const gstring& gs) const noexcept {
uint32_t llen = length(), olen = gs.length();
if (llen != olen) return false;
return memcmp ((const char*) _buf, (const char*) gs._buf, llen) == 0;
}
char& operator[] (unsigned index) noexcept {return ((char*)_buf)[index];}
const char& operator[] (unsigned index) const noexcept {return ((const char*)_buf)[index];}
/// Access `_buf` as `char*`. `_buf` might be nullptr.
char* data() noexcept {return (char*)_buf;}
const char* data() const noexcept {return (const char*)_buf;}
char* endp() noexcept {return (char*)_buf + length();}
const char* endp() const noexcept {return (const char*)_buf + length();}
gstring view (uint32_t pos, int32_t count = -1) noexcept {
return gstring (0, data() + pos, false, count >= 0 ? count : length() - pos, copiedByReference());}
const gstring view (uint32_t pos, int32_t count = -1) const noexcept {
return gstring (0, (void*)(data() + pos), false, count >= 0 ? count : length() - pos, copiedByReference());}
// http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Iterator
template<typename CT> struct iterator_t: public std::iterator<std::random_access_iterator_tag, CT, int32_t> {
CT* _ptr;
iterator_t () noexcept: _ptr (nullptr) {}
iterator_t (CT* ptr) noexcept: _ptr (ptr) {}
iterator_t (const iterator_t<CT>& it) noexcept: _ptr (it._ptr) {}
CT& operator*() const noexcept {return *_ptr;}
CT* operator->() const noexcept {return _ptr;}
CT& operator[](int32_t ofs) const noexcept {return _ptr[ofs];}
iterator_t<CT>& operator++() noexcept {++_ptr; return *this;}
iterator_t<CT> operator++(int) noexcept {return iterator_t<CT> (_ptr++);};
iterator_t<CT>& operator--() noexcept {--_ptr; return *this;}
iterator_t<CT> operator--(int) noexcept {return iterator_t<CT> (_ptr--);};
bool operator == (const iterator_t<CT>& i2) const noexcept {return _ptr == i2._ptr;}
bool operator != (const iterator_t<CT>& i2) const noexcept {return _ptr != i2._ptr;}
bool operator < (const iterator_t<CT>& i2) const noexcept {return _ptr < i2._ptr;}
bool operator > (const iterator_t<CT>& i2) const noexcept {return _ptr > i2._ptr;}
bool operator <= (const iterator_t<CT>& i2) const noexcept {return _ptr <= i2._ptr;}
bool operator >= (const iterator_t<CT>& i2) const noexcept {return _ptr >= i2._ptr;}
iterator_t<CT> operator + (int32_t ofs) const noexcept {return iterator (_ptr + ofs);}
iterator_t<CT>& operator += (int32_t ofs) noexcept {_ptr += ofs; return *this;}
iterator_t<CT> operator - (int32_t ofs) const noexcept {return iterator (_ptr - ofs);}
iterator_t<CT>& operator -= (int32_t ofs) noexcept {_ptr -= ofs; return *this;}
};
// http://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/concept/Container
typedef char value_type;
typedef char& reference;
typedef const char& const_reference;
typedef uint32_t size_type;
typedef int32_t difference_type;
typedef iterator_t<char> iterator;
typedef iterator_t<const char> const_iterator;
iterator begin() noexcept {return iterator ((char*) _buf);}
const_iterator begin() const noexcept {return const_iterator ((char*) _buf);}
iterator end() noexcept {return iterator ((char*) _buf + size());}
const_iterator end() const noexcept {return const_iterator ((char*) _buf + size());}
const_iterator cbegin() const noexcept {return const_iterator ((char*) _buf);}
const_iterator cend() const noexcept {return const_iterator ((char*) _buf + size());}
/** Returns -1 if not found. */
int32_t find (const char* str, int32_t pos, int32_t count) const noexcept {
const int32_t hlen = (int32_t) length() - pos;
if (hlen <= 0) return -1;
char* haystack = (char*) _buf + pos;
void* mret = memmem (haystack, hlen, str, count);
if (mret == 0) return -1;
return (char*) mret - (char*) _buf;
}
int32_t find (const char* str, int32_t pos = 0) const noexcept {return find (str, pos, strlen (str));}
/** Index of `ch` inside the string or -1 if not found. */
int32_t indexOf (char ch) const noexcept {
void* ret = memchr (_buf, ch, size());
return ret == nullptr ? -1 : (char*) ret - (char*) _buf;
}
// Helps to workaround the "statement has no effect" warning in `GSTRING_ON_STACK`.
gstring& self() noexcept {return *this;}
/** Grow buffer to be at least `to` characters long. */
void reserve (uint32_t to) {
uint32_t power = (_meta & CAPACITY_MASK) >> CAPACITY_OFFSET;
if (((uint32_t) 1 << power) < to) {
++power;
while (((uint32_t) 1 << power) < to) ++power;
if (power > 24) {GSTRING_ON_STACK (error, 64) << "gstring too large: " << (int) to; GTHROW (error.str());}
} else if (power) {
// No need to grow.
return;
}
_meta = (_meta & ~CAPACITY_MASK) | (power << CAPACITY_OFFSET);
if (needsFreeing() && _buf != nullptr) {
_buf = ::realloc (_buf, capacity());
if (_buf == nullptr) GTHROW ("realloc failed");
} else {
const char* oldBuf = (const char*) _buf;
_buf = ::malloc (capacity());
if (_buf == nullptr) GTHROW ("malloc failed");
if (oldBuf != nullptr) ::memcpy (_buf, oldBuf, length());
_meta |= FREE_FLAG;
}
}
/** Length setter. Useful when you manually write into the buffer or to cut the string. */
void length (uint32_t len) noexcept {
_meta = (_meta & ~LENGTH_MASK) | (len & LENGTH_MASK);
}
protected:
friend class gstring_stream;
public:
/** Appends an integer to the string.
* @param base Radix, from 1 to 36 (default 10).
* @param bytes How many bytes to reserve (24 by default). */
void append64 (int64_t iv, int base = 10, uint_fast8_t bytes = 24) {
uint32_t pos = length();
if (capacity() < pos + bytes) reserve (pos + bytes);
length (itoa ((char*) _buf + pos, iv, base) - (char*) _buf);
}
void append (char ch) {
uint32_t pos = length();
const uint32_t cap = capacity();
if (pos >= cap || cap <= 1) reserve (pos + 1);
((char*)_buf)[pos] = ch;
length (++pos);
}
void append (const char* cstr, uint32_t clen) {
uint32_t len = length();
uint32_t need = len + clen;
const uint32_t cap = capacity();
if (need > cap || cap <= 1) reserve (need);
::memcpy ((char*) _buf + len, cstr, clen);
length (need);
}
/** This one is for http://code.google.com/p/re2/; `clear` then `append`. */
bool ParseFrom (const char* cstr, int clen) {
if (clen < 0 || clen > (int) LENGTH_MASK) return false;
length (0); append (cstr, (uint32_t) clen); return true;}
gstring& operator << (const gstring& gs) {append (gs.data(), gs.length()); return *this;}
gstring& operator << (const std::string& str) {append (str.data(), str.length()); return *this;}
gstring& operator << (const char* cstr) {if (cstr) append (cstr, ::strlen (cstr)); return *this;}
gstring& operator << (char ch) {append (ch); return *this;}
gstring& operator << (int iv) {append64 (iv, 10, sizeof (int) * 3); return *this;}
gstring& operator << (long iv) {append64 (iv, 10, sizeof (long) * 3); return *this;}
gstring& operator << (long long iv) {append64 (iv, 10, sizeof (long long) * 3); return *this;}
gstring& operator << (double dv) {
uint32_t len = length();
reserve (len + 32);
int rc = snprintf (endp(), 31, "%f", dv);
if (rc > 0) {length (len + std::min (rc, 31));}
return *this;
}
bool operator < (const gstring &gs) const noexcept {
uint32_t len1 = length(); uint32_t len2 = gs.length();
if (len1 == len2) return ::strncmp (data(), gs.data(), len1) < 0;
int cmp = ::strncmp (data(), gs.data(), std::min (len1, len2));
if (cmp) return cmp < 0;
return len1 < len2;
}
/// Asks `strftime` to generate a time string. Capacity is increased if necessary (up to a limit of +1024 bytes).
gstring& appendTime (const char* format, struct tm* tmv) {
int32_t pos = length(), cap = capacity(), left = cap - pos;
if (left < 8) {reserve (pos + 8); return appendTime (format, tmv);}
size_t got = strftime ((char*) _buf + pos, left, format, tmv);
if (got == 0) {
if (left > 1024) return *this; // Guard against perpetual growth.
reserve (pos + left * 2); return appendTime (format, tmv);
}
length (pos + got);
return *this;
}
/// Append the characters to this `gstring` wrapping them in the netstring format.
gstring& appendNetstring (const char* cstr, uint32_t clen) {
*this << (int) clen; append (':'); append (cstr, clen); append (','); return *this;}
/// Append the `gstr` wrapping it in the netstring format.
gstring& appendNetstring (const gstring& gstr) {return appendNetstring (gstr.data(), gstr.length());}
std::ostream& writeAsNetstring (std::ostream& stream) const;
/// Parse netstring at `pos` and return a `gstring` *pointing* at the parsed netstring.\n
/// No heap space allocated.\n
/// Throws std::runtime_error if netstring parsing fails.\n
/// If parsing was successfull, then `after` is set to point after the parsed netstring.
gstring netstringAt (uint32_t pos, uint32_t* after = nullptr) const {
const uint32_t len = length(); char* buf = (char*) _buf;
if (buf == nullptr) GTHROW ("gstring: netstringAt: nullptr");
uint32_t next = pos;
while (next < len && buf[next] >= '0' && buf[next] <= '9') ++next;
if (next >= len || buf[next] != ':' || next - pos > 10) GTHROW ("gstring: netstringAt: no header");
char* endptr = 0;
long nlen = ::strtol (buf + pos, &endptr, 10);
if (endptr != buf + next) GTHROW ("gstring: netstringAt: unexpected header end");
pos = next + 1; next = pos + nlen;
if (next >= len || buf[next] != ',') GTHROW ("gstring: netstringAt: no body");
if (after) *after = next + 1;
return gstring (0, buf + pos, false, next - pos);
}
/// Wrapper around strtol, not entirely safe (make sure the string is terminated with a non-digit, by calling c_str, for example).
long intAt (uint32_t pos, uint32_t* after = nullptr, int base = 10) const {
// BTW: http://www.kumobius.com/2013/08/c-string-to-int/
const uint32_t len = length(); char* buf = (char*) _buf;
if (pos >= len || buf == nullptr) GTHROW ("gstring: intAt: pos >= len");
char* endptr = 0;
long lv = ::strtol (buf + pos, &endptr, base);
uint32_t next = endptr - buf;
if (next > len) GTHROW ("gstring: intAt: endptr > len");
if (after) *after = next;
return lv;
}
/// Wrapper around strtol. Copies the string into a temporary buffer in order to pass it to strtol. Empty string returns 0.
long toInt (int base = 10) const noexcept {
const uint32_t len = length(); if (len == 0) return 0;
char buf[len + 1]; memcpy (buf, _buf, len); buf[len] = 0;
return ::strtol (buf, nullptr, base);
}
/// Get a single netstring from the `stream` and append it to the end of `gstring`.
/// Throws an exception if the input is not a well-formed netstring.
gstring& readNetstring (std::istream& stream) {
int32_t nlen; stream >> nlen;
if (!stream.good() || nlen < 0) GTHROW ("!netstring");
int ch = stream.get();
if (!stream.good() || ch != ':') GTHROW ("!netstring");
uint32_t glen = length();
const uint32_t cap = capacity();
if (cap < glen + nlen || cap <= 1) reserve (glen + nlen);
stream.read ((char*) _buf + glen, nlen);
if (!stream.good()) GTHROW ("!netstring");
ch = stream.get();
if (ch != ',') GTHROW ("!netstring");
length (glen + nlen);
return *this;
}
/// Set length to 0. `_buf` not changed.
gstring& clear() noexcept {length (0); return *this;}
/// Removes `count` characters starting at `pos`.
gstring& erase (uint32_t pos, uint32_t count = 1) noexcept {
const char* buf = (const char*) _buf;
const char* pt1 = buf + pos;
const char* pt2 = pt1 + count;
uint32_t len = length();
const char* end = buf + len;
if (pt2 <= end) {
length (len - count);
::memmove ((void*) pt1, (void*) pt2, end - pt2);
}
return *this;
}
/// Remove characters [from,till) and return `from`.\n
/// Compatible with "boost/algorithm/string/trim.hpp".
iterator_t<char> erase (iterator_t<char> from, iterator_t<char> till) noexcept {
intptr_t ipos = from._ptr - (char*) _buf;
intptr_t count = till._ptr - from._ptr;
if (ipos >= 0 && count > 0) erase (ipos, count);
return from;
}
~gstring() noexcept {
if (_buf != nullptr && needsFreeing()) {::free (_buf); _buf = nullptr;}
}
};
inline bool operator == (const gstring& gs1, const gstring& gs2) noexcept {return gs1.equals (gs2);}
inline bool operator == (const char* cstr, const gstring& gstr) noexcept {return gstr.equals (cstr);}
inline bool operator == (const gstring& gstr, const char* cstr) noexcept {return gstr.equals (cstr);}
inline bool operator != (const gstring& gs1, const gstring& gs2) noexcept {return !gs1.equals (gs2);}
inline bool operator != (const char* cstr, const gstring& gstr) noexcept {return !gstr.equals (cstr);}
inline bool operator != (const gstring& gstr, const char* cstr) noexcept {return !gstr.equals (cstr);}
inline bool operator == (const gstring& gstr, const std::string& str) noexcept {
return gstr.equals (gstring (gstring::ReferenceConstructor(), str.data(), str.size()));}
inline bool operator != (const gstring& gstr, const std::string& str) noexcept {return !(gstr == str);}
inline bool operator == (const std::string& str, const gstring& gstr) noexcept {return gstr == str;}
inline bool operator != (const std::string& str, const gstring& gstr) noexcept {return !(gstr == str);}
inline std::string operator += (std::string& str, const gstring& gstr) {return str.append (gstr.data(), gstr.size());}
inline std::string operator + (const std::string& str, const gstring& gstr) {return std::string (str) .append (gstr.data(), gstr.size());}
inline std::ostream& operator << (std::ostream& os, const gstring& gstr) {
if (gstr._buf != nullptr) os.write ((const char*) gstr._buf, gstr.length());
return os;
}
/// Encode this `gstring` into `stream` as a netstring.
inline std::ostream& gstring::writeAsNetstring (std::ostream& stream) const {
stream << length() << ':' << *this << ',';
return stream;
}
// http://www.mr-edd.co.uk/blog/beginners_guide_streambuf
// http://www.dreamincode.net/code/snippet2499.htm
// http://spec.winprog.org/streams/
class gstring_stream: public std::basic_streambuf<char, std::char_traits<char> > {
gstring& _gstr;
public:
gstring_stream (gstring& gstr) noexcept: _gstr (gstr) {
char* buf = (char*) gstr._buf;
if (buf != nullptr) setg (buf, buf, buf + gstr.length());
}
protected:
virtual int_type overflow (int_type ch) {
if (__builtin_expect (ch != traits_type::eof(), 1)) _gstr.append ((char) ch);
return 0;
}
// no copying
gstring_stream (const gstring_stream &);
gstring_stream& operator = (const gstring_stream &);
};
} // namespace glim
// hash specialization
// cf. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8157937/how-to-specialize-stdhashkeyoperator-for-user-defined-type-in-unordered
namespace std {
template <> struct hash<glim::gstring> {
size_t operator()(const glim::gstring& gs) const noexcept {
// cf. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7666509/hash-function-for-string
// Would be nice to use https://131002.net/siphash/ here.
uint32_t hash = 5381;
uint32_t len = gs.length();
if (len) {
const char* str = (const char*) gs._buf;
const char* end = str + len;
while (str < end) hash = ((hash << 5) + hash) + *str++; /* hash * 33 + c */
}
return hash;
}
};
}
#endif // _GSTRING_INCLUDED

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// Simple header-only wrapper around libevent's evhttp client.
// See also: https://github.com/cpp-netlib/cpp-netlib/issues/160
#ifndef _GLIM_HGET_INCLUDED
#define _GLIM_HGET_INCLUDED
#include <event2/event.h>
#include <event2/dns.h>
#include <evhttp.h> // http://stackoverflow.com/a/5237994; http://archives.seul.org/libevent/users/Sep-2010/msg00050.html
#include <memory>
#include <functional>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include "exception.hpp"
#include "gstring.hpp"
namespace glim {
/// HTTP results
struct hgot {
int32_t status = 0;
/// Uses errno codes.
int32_t error = 0;
struct evbuffer* body = 0;
struct evhttp_request* req = 0;
size_t bodyLength() const {return body ? evbuffer_get_length (body) : 0;}
/// Warning: the string is NOT zero-terminated.
const char* bodyData() {return body ? (const char*) evbuffer_pullup (body, -1) : "";}
/// Returns a zero-terminated string. Warning: modifies the `body` every time in order to add the terminator.
const char* cbody() {if (!body) return ""; evbuffer_add (body, "", 1); return (const char*) evbuffer_pullup (body, -1);}
/// A gstring *view* into the `body`.
glim::gstring gbody() {
if (!body) return glim::gstring();
return glim::gstring (glim::gstring::ReferenceConstructor(), (const char*) evbuffer_pullup (body, -1), evbuffer_get_length (body));}
};
/// Used internally to pass both connection and handler into callback.
struct hgetContext {
struct evhttp_connection* conn;
std::function<void(hgot&)> handler;
hgetContext (struct evhttp_connection* conn, std::function<void(hgot&)> handler): conn (conn), handler (handler) {}
};
/// Invoked when evhttp finishes a request.
inline void hgetCB (struct evhttp_request* req, void* ctx_){
hgetContext* ctx = (hgetContext*) ctx_;
hgot gt;
if (req == NULL) gt.error = ETIMEDOUT;
else if (req->response_code == 0) gt.error = ECONNREFUSED;
else {
gt.status = req->response_code;
gt.body = req->input_buffer;
gt.req = req;
}
try {
ctx->handler (gt);
} catch (const std::runtime_error& ex) { // Shouldn't normally happen:
std::cerr << "glim::hget, handler exception: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
}
evhttp_connection_free ((struct evhttp_connection*) ctx->conn);
//freed by libevent//if (req != NULL) evhttp_request_free (req);
delete ctx;
}
/**
C++ wrapper around libevent's http client.
Example: \code
hget (evbase, dnsbase) .setRequestBuilder ([](struct evhttp_request* req){
evbuffer_add (req->output_buffer, "foo", 3);
evhttp_add_header (req->output_headers, "Content-Length", "3");
}) .go ("http://127.0.0.1:8080/test", [](hgot& got){
if (got.error) log_warn ("127.0.0.1:8080 " << strerror (got.error));
else if (got.status != 200) log_warn ("127.0.0.1:8080 != 200");
else log_info ("got " << evbuffer_get_length (got.body) << " bytes from /test: " << evbuffer_pullup (got.body, -1));
}); \endcode
*/
class hget {
public:
std::shared_ptr<struct event_base> _evbase;
std::shared_ptr<struct evdns_base> _dnsbase;
std::function<void(struct evhttp_request*)> _requestBuilder;
enum evhttp_cmd_type _method;
public:
typedef std::shared_ptr<struct evhttp_uri> uri_t;
/// The third parameter is the request number, starting from 1.
typedef std::function<float(hgot&,uri_t,int32_t)> until_handler_t;
public:
hget (std::shared_ptr<struct event_base> evbase, std::shared_ptr<struct evdns_base> dnsbase):
_evbase (evbase), _dnsbase (dnsbase), _method (EVHTTP_REQ_GET) {}
/// Modifies the request before its execution.
hget& setRequestBuilder (std::function<void(struct evhttp_request*)> rb) {
_requestBuilder = rb;
return *this;
}
/** Uses a simple request builder to send the `str`.
* `str` is a `char` string class with methods `data` and `size`. */
template<typename STR> hget& payload (STR str, const char* contentType = nullptr, enum evhttp_cmd_type method = EVHTTP_REQ_POST) {
_method = method;
return setRequestBuilder ([str,contentType](struct evhttp_request* req) {
if (contentType) evhttp_add_header (req->output_headers, "Content-Type", contentType);
char buf[64];
*glim::itoa (buf, (int) str.size()) = 0;
evhttp_add_header (req->output_headers, "Content-Length", buf);
evbuffer_add (req->output_buffer, (const void*) str.data(), (size_t) str.size());
});
}
struct evhttp_request* go (uri_t uri, int32_t timeoutSec, std::function<void(hgot&)> handler) {
int port = evhttp_uri_get_port (uri.get());
if (port == -1) port = 80;
struct evhttp_connection* conn = evhttp_connection_base_new (_evbase.get(), _dnsbase.get(),
evhttp_uri_get_host (uri.get()), port);
evhttp_connection_set_timeout (conn, timeoutSec);
struct evhttp_request *req = evhttp_request_new (hgetCB, new hgetContext(conn, handler));
int ret = evhttp_add_header (req->output_headers, "Host", evhttp_uri_get_host (uri.get()));
if (ret) throw std::runtime_error ("hget: evhttp_add_header(Host) != 0");
if (_requestBuilder) _requestBuilder (req);
const char* get = evhttp_uri_get_path (uri.get());
const char* qs = evhttp_uri_get_query (uri.get());
if (qs == NULL) {
ret = evhttp_make_request (conn, req, _method, get);
} else {
size_t getLen = strlen (get);
size_t qsLen = strlen (qs);
char buf[getLen + 1 + qsLen + 1];
char* caret = stpcpy (buf, get);
*caret++ = '?';
caret = stpcpy (caret, qs);
assert (caret - buf < sizeof (buf));
ret = evhttp_make_request (conn, req, _method, buf);
}
if (ret) throw std::runtime_error ("hget: evhttp_make_request != 0");
return req;
}
struct evhttp_request* go (const char* url, int32_t timeoutSec, std::function<void(hgot&)> handler) {
return go (std::shared_ptr<struct evhttp_uri> (evhttp_uri_parse (url), evhttp_uri_free), timeoutSec, handler);
}
void goUntil (std::vector<uri_t> urls, until_handler_t handler, int32_t timeoutSec = 20);
/**
Parse urls and call `goUntil`.
Example (trying ten times to reach the servers): \code
std::string path ("/path");
hget.goUntilS (boost::assign::list_of ("http://server1" + path) ("http://server2" + path),
[](hgot& got, hget::uri_t uri, int32_t num)->float {
std::cout << "server: " << evhttp_uri_get_host (uri.get()) << "; request number: " << num << std::endl;
if (got.status != 200 && num < 10) return 1.f; // Retry in a second.
return -1.f; // No need to retry the request.
});
\endcode
@param urls is a for-compatible container of strings (where string has methods `data` and `size`).
*/
template<typename URLS> void goUntilS (URLS&& urls, until_handler_t handler, int32_t timeoutSec = 20) {
std::vector<uri_t> parsedUrls;
for (auto&& url: urls) {
// Copying to stack might be cheaper than malloc in c_str.
int len = url.size(); char buf[len + 1]; memcpy (buf, url.data(), len); buf[len] = 0;
struct evhttp_uri* uri = evhttp_uri_parse (buf);
if (!uri) GTHROW (std::string ("!evhttp_uri_parse: ") + buf);
parsedUrls.push_back (uri_t (uri, evhttp_uri_free));
}
goUntil (parsedUrls, handler, timeoutSec);
}
/**
Parse urls and call `goUntil`.
Example (trying ten times to reach the servers): \code
hget.goUntilC (boost::assign::list_of ("http://server1/") ("http://server2/"),
[](hgot& got, hget::uri_t uri, int32_t num)->float {
std::cout << "server: " << evhttp_uri_get_host (uri.get()) << "; request number: " << num << std::endl;
if (got.status != 200 && num < 10) return 1.f; // Retry in a second.
return -1.f; // No need to retry the request.
});
\endcode
Or with `std::array` instead of `boost::assign::list_of`: \code
std::array<const char*, 2> urls {{"http://server1/", "http://server2/"}};
hget.goUntilC (urls, [](hgot& got, hget::uri_t uri, int32_t num)->float {
return got.status != 200 && num < 10 ? 0.f : -1.f;});
\endcode
@param urls is a for-compatible container of C strings (const char*).
*/
template<typename URLS> void goUntilC (URLS&& urls, until_handler_t handler, int32_t timeoutSec = 20) {
std::vector<uri_t> parsedUrls;
for (auto url: urls) {
struct evhttp_uri* uri = evhttp_uri_parse (url);
if (!uri) GTHROW (std::string ("Can't parse url: ") + url);
parsedUrls.push_back (uri_t (uri, evhttp_uri_free));
}
goUntil (parsedUrls, handler, timeoutSec);
}
};
inline void hgetUntilRetryCB (evutil_socket_t, short, void* utilHandlerPtr); // event_callback_fn
/** `hget::goUntil` implementation.
* This function object is passed to `hget::go` as a handler and calls `hget::go` again if necessary. */
struct HgetUntilHandler {
hget _hget;
hget::until_handler_t _handler;
std::vector<hget::uri_t> _urls;
int32_t _timeoutSec;
int32_t _requestNum;
uint8_t _nextUrl; ///< A round-robin pointer to the next url in `_urls`.
HgetUntilHandler (hget& hg, hget::until_handler_t handler, std::vector<hget::uri_t> urls, int32_t timeoutSec):
_hget (hg), _handler (handler), _urls (urls), _timeoutSec (timeoutSec), _requestNum (0), _nextUrl (0) {}
void operator() (hgot& got) {
uint8_t urlNum = _nextUrl ? _nextUrl - 1 : _urls.size() - 1;
float retryAfterSec = _handler (got, _urls[urlNum], _requestNum);
if (retryAfterSec == 0.f) retry();
else if (retryAfterSec > 0.f) {
struct timeval wait;
wait.tv_sec = (int) retryAfterSec;
retryAfterSec -= wait.tv_sec;
wait.tv_usec = (int) (retryAfterSec * 1000000.f);
int rc = event_base_once (_hget._evbase.get(), -1, EV_TIMEOUT, hgetUntilRetryCB, new HgetUntilHandler (*this), &wait);
if (rc) throw std::runtime_error ("HgetUntilHandler: event_base_once != 0");
}
}
void start() {retry();}
void retry() {
uint8_t nextUrl = _nextUrl++;
if (_nextUrl >= _urls.size()) _nextUrl = 0;
++_requestNum;
_hget.go (_urls[nextUrl], _timeoutSec, *this);
}
};
/// Used in `hget::goUntil` to wait in `evtimer_new` before repeating the request.
inline void hgetUntilRetryCB (evutil_socket_t, short, void* utilHandlerPtr) { // event_callback_fn
std::unique_ptr<HgetUntilHandler> untilHandler ((HgetUntilHandler*) utilHandlerPtr);
untilHandler->retry();
}
/**
* Allows to retry the request using multiple URLs in a round-robin fashion.
* The `handler` returns the number of seconds to wait before retrying the request or -1 if no retry is necessary.
*/
inline void hget::goUntil (std::vector<uri_t> urls, until_handler_t handler, int32_t timeoutSec) {
HgetUntilHandler (*this, handler, urls, timeoutSec) .start();
}
}
#endif // _GLIM_HGET_INCLUDED

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#ifndef _GLIM_LDB_HPP_INCLUDED
#define _GLIM_LDB_HPP_INCLUDED
/**
* Leveldb (http://code.google.com/p/leveldb/) wrapper.
* @code
Copyright 2012 Kozarezov Artem Aleksandrovich
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
* @endcode
* @file
*/
#include <string>
//#include <unordered_map> // having SIGFPE as in http://stackoverflow.com/q/13580823/257568
#include <map>
#include <climits> // CHAR_MAX
#include <leveldb/db.h>
#include <leveldb/write_batch.h>
#include <leveldb/filter_policy.h>
#include <boost/archive/binary_oarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/binary_iarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/serialization.hpp>
#include <boost/noncopyable.hpp>
#include <boost/iterator/iterator_facade.hpp>
#include <boost/range/iterator_range.hpp> // http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_52_0/libs/range/doc/html/range/reference/utilities/iterator_range.html
#include <arpa/inet.h> // htonl, ntohl
#include <sys/stat.h> // mkdir
#include <sys/types.h> // mkdir
#include <string.h> // strerror
#include <errno.h>
#include <sstream>
#include "gstring.hpp"
#include "exception.hpp"
namespace glim {
G_DEFINE_EXCEPTION (LdbEx);
template <typename T> inline void ldbSerialize (gstring& bytes, const T& data) {
gstring_stream stream (bytes);
boost::archive::binary_oarchive oa (stream, boost::archive::no_header);
oa << data;
}
template <typename V> inline void ldbDeserialize (const gstring& bytes, V& data) {
gstring_stream stream (const_cast<gstring&> (bytes));
boost::archive::binary_iarchive ia (stream, boost::archive::no_header);
ia >> data;
}
/** uint32_t keys are stored big-endian (network byte order) in order to be compatible with lexicographic ordering. */
template <> inline void ldbSerialize<uint32_t> (gstring& bytes, const uint32_t& ui) {
uint32_t nui = htonl (ui); bytes.append ((const char*) &nui, sizeof (uint32_t));}
/** Deserialize uint32_t from big-endian (network byte order). */
template <> inline void ldbDeserialize<uint32_t> (const gstring& bytes, uint32_t& ui) {
if (bytes.size() != sizeof (uint32_t)) GNTHROW (LdbEx, "Not uint32_t, wrong number of bytes");
uint32_t nui = * (uint32_t*) bytes.data(); ui = ntohl (nui);}
/** If the data is `gstring` then use the data's buffer directly, no copy. */
template <> inline void ldbSerialize<gstring> (gstring& bytes, const gstring& data) {
bytes = gstring (0, (void*) data.data(), false, data.length());}
/** Deserializing into `gstring` copies the bytes into it, reusing its buffer. */
template <> inline void ldbDeserialize<gstring> (const gstring& bytes, gstring& data) {
data.clear() << bytes;}
/** If the data is `std::string` then use the data's buffer directly, no copy. */
template <> inline void ldbSerialize<std::string> (gstring& bytes, const std::string& data) {
bytes = gstring (0, (void*) data.data(), false, data.length());}
/** Deserializing into `std::string` copies the bytes into it, reusing its buffer. */
template <> inline void ldbDeserialize<std::string> (const gstring& bytes, std::string& data) {
data.clear(); data.append (bytes.data(), bytes.size());}
/**
* Header-only Leveldb wrapper.\n
* Uses Boost Serialization to pack keys and values (glim::gstring can be used for raw bytes).\n
* Allows semi-automatic indexing with triggers.
*/
struct Ldb {
std::shared_ptr<leveldb::DB> _db;
std::shared_ptr<const leveldb::FilterPolicy> _filter;
struct IteratorEntry { ///< Something to be `dereference`d from the Iterator. Also a pImpl allowing to keep the `_valid` and the `_lit` in sync.
leveldb::Iterator* _lit;
bool _valid:1;
IteratorEntry (const IteratorEntry&) = delete; // Owns `leveldb::Iterator`, should not be copied.
IteratorEntry (IteratorEntry&&) = default;
IteratorEntry (leveldb::Iterator* lit, bool valid = false): _lit (lit), _valid (valid) {}
~IteratorEntry() {delete _lit;}
/** Zero-copy view of the current key bytes. Should *not* be used after the Iterator is changed or destroyed.
* @param ref If true then the *copies* of the returned gstring will keep pointing to LevelDB memory which is valid only until the iterator changes. */
const gstring keyView (bool ref = false) const {
if (!_valid) return gstring();
const leveldb::Slice& key = _lit->key();
return gstring (0, (void*) key.data(), false, key.size(), ref);} // Zero copy.
/** Zero-copy view of the current value bytes. Should *not* be used after the Iterator is changed or destroyed.
* @param ref If true then the *copies* of the returned gstring will keep pointing to LevelDB memory which is valid only until the iterator changes. */
const gstring valueView (bool ref = false) const {
if (!_valid) return gstring();
const leveldb::Slice& val = _lit->value();
return gstring (0, (void*) val.data(), false, val.size(), ref);} // Zero copy.
/** Deserialize into `key`. */
template <typename T> void getKey (T& key) const {ldbDeserialize (keyView (true), key);}
/** Deserialize the key into a temporary and return it. */
template <typename T> T getKey() const {T key; getKey (key); return key;}
/** Deserialize into `value`. */
template <typename T> void getValue (T& value) const {ldbDeserialize (valueView (true), value);}
/** Deserialize the value into a temporary and return it. */
template <typename T> T getValue() const {T value; getValue (value); return value;}
};
struct NoSeekFlag {}; ///< Tells the `Iterator` constructor not to seek to the beginning of the database.
/** Wraps Leveldb iterator.
* Note: "In fact the iterator is a light-weight snapshot. It will see exactly the version of the DB that existed when the iterator was created
* (i.e., any insert/delete done after the iterator is created, regardless of which thread does them) will be invisible to the iterator"
* (https://groups.google.com/d/msg/leveldb/nX8S5KKiSn4/PI92Yf1Hf6UJ). */
struct Iterator: public boost::iterator_facade<Iterator, IteratorEntry, boost::bidirectional_traversal_tag> {
std::shared_ptr<IteratorEntry> _entry; ///< The Iterator might be copied around, therefore we keep the real iterator and the state in the shared_ptr.
Iterator (const Iterator&) = default;
Iterator (Iterator&&) = default;
Iterator& operator= (const Iterator&) = default;
Iterator& operator= (Iterator&&) = default;
/** Iterate from the beginning or the end of the database.
* @param position can be MDB_FIRST or MDB_LAST */
Iterator (Ldb* ldb, leveldb::ReadOptions options = leveldb::ReadOptions()):
_entry (std::make_shared<IteratorEntry> (ldb->_db->NewIterator (options))) {
IteratorEntry* entry = _entry.get();
entry->_lit->SeekToFirst();
entry->_valid = entry->_lit->Valid();
}
Iterator (Ldb* ldb, NoSeekFlag, leveldb::ReadOptions options = leveldb::ReadOptions()):
_entry (std::make_shared<IteratorEntry> (ldb->_db->NewIterator (options))) {}
/** True if the iterator isn't pointing anywhere. */
bool end() const {return !_entry->_valid;}
bool equal (const Iterator& other) const {
bool weAreValid = _entry->_valid, theyAreValid = other._entry->_valid;
if (!weAreValid) return !theyAreValid;
if (!theyAreValid) return false;
auto&& ourKey = _entry->_lit->key(), theirKey = other._entry->_lit->key();
if (ourKey.size() != theirKey.size()) return false;
return memcmp (ourKey.data(), theirKey.data(), ourKey.size()) == 0;
}
IteratorEntry& dereference() const {
// NB: Boost iterator_facade expects the `dereference` to be a `const` method.
// I guess Iterator is not modified, so the `dereference` is `const`, even though the Entry can be modified.
return *_entry;
}
virtual void increment() {
IteratorEntry* entry = _entry.get();
if (entry->_valid) entry->_lit->Next();
else entry->_lit->SeekToFirst();
entry->_valid = entry->_lit->Valid();
}
virtual void decrement() {
IteratorEntry* entry = _entry.get();
if (entry->_valid) entry->_lit->Prev();
else entry->_lit->SeekToLast();
entry->_valid = entry->_lit->Valid();
}
Iterator& seek (const gstring& key) {
IteratorEntry* entry = _entry.get();
entry->_lit->Seek (leveldb::Slice (key.data(), key.size()));
entry->_valid = entry->_lit->Valid();
return *this;
}
};
Iterator begin() {return Iterator (this);}
Iterator end() {return Iterator (this, NoSeekFlag());}
/** Range from `from` (inclusive) to `till` (exclusive). */
template <typename K>
boost::iterator_range<Iterator> range (const K& from, const K& till, leveldb::ReadOptions options = leveldb::ReadOptions()) {
char kbuf[64]; // Allow up to 64 bytes to be serialized without heap allocations.
gstring kbytes (sizeof (kbuf), kbuf, false, 0);
ldbSerialize (kbytes, from);
Iterator fit (this, NoSeekFlag(), options); fit.seek (kbytes);
ldbSerialize (kbytes.clear(), till);
Iterator tit (this, NoSeekFlag(), options); tit.seek (kbytes);
return boost::iterator_range<Iterator> (fit, tit);
}
struct StartsWithIterator: public Iterator {
gstring _starts;
StartsWithIterator (const StartsWithIterator&) = default;
StartsWithIterator (StartsWithIterator&&) = default;
StartsWithIterator& operator= (const StartsWithIterator&) = default;
StartsWithIterator& operator= (StartsWithIterator&&) = default;
StartsWithIterator (Ldb* ldb, const char* data, uint32_t length, leveldb::ReadOptions options = leveldb::ReadOptions()):
Iterator (ldb, NoSeekFlag(), options), _starts (data, length) {
IteratorEntry* entry = _entry.get();
entry->_lit->Seek (leveldb::Slice (data, length));
entry->_valid = checkValidity();
}
/** End iterator, pointing nowhere. */
StartsWithIterator (Ldb* ldb, const char* data, uint32_t length, NoSeekFlag, leveldb::ReadOptions options = leveldb::ReadOptions()):
Iterator (ldb, NoSeekFlag(), options), _starts (data, length) {}
bool checkValidity() const {
IteratorEntry* entry = _entry.get();
return entry->_lit->Valid() && entry->_lit->key().starts_with (leveldb::Slice (_starts.data(), _starts.length()));
}
virtual void increment() override {
IteratorEntry* entry = _entry.get();
if (entry->_valid) entry->_lit->Next();
else entry->_lit->Seek (leveldb::Slice (_starts.data(), _starts.length()));
entry->_valid = checkValidity();
}
virtual void decrement() override {
IteratorEntry* entry = _entry.get();
if (entry->_valid) entry->_lit->Prev(); else seekLast();
entry->_valid = checkValidity();
}
void seekLast() {
leveldb::Iterator* lit = _entry->_lit;
// Go somewhere *below* the `_starts` prefix.
char after[_starts.length()]; if (sizeof (after)) {
memcpy (after, _starts.data(), sizeof (after));
uint32_t pos = sizeof (after); while (--pos >= 0) if (after[pos] < CHAR_MAX) {++after[pos]; break;}
if (pos >= 0) {lit->Seek (leveldb::Slice (after, sizeof (after))); if (!lit->Valid()) lit->SeekToLast();} else lit->SeekToLast();
} else lit->SeekToLast();
// Seek back until we are in the `_starts` prefix.
for (leveldb::Slice prefix (_starts.data(), _starts.length()); lit->Valid(); lit->Prev()) {
leveldb::Slice key (lit->key());
if (key.starts_with (prefix)) break; // We're "back" in the `_starts` prefix.
if (key.compare (prefix) < 0) break; // Gone too far (no prefix entries in the db).
}
}
};
/** Range over entries starting with `key`. */
template <typename K>
boost::iterator_range<StartsWithIterator> startsWith (const K& key) {
char kbuf[64]; // Allow up to 64 bytes to be serialized without heap allocations.
gstring kbytes (sizeof (kbuf), kbuf, false, 0);
ldbSerialize (kbytes, key);
return boost::iterator_range<StartsWithIterator> (
StartsWithIterator (this, kbytes.data(), kbytes.length()),
StartsWithIterator (this, kbytes.data(), kbytes.length(), NoSeekFlag()));
}
struct Trigger {
virtual gstring triggerName() const {return C2GSTRING ("defaultTriggerName");};
virtual void put (Ldb& ldb, void* key, gstring& kbytes, void* value, gstring& vbytes, leveldb::WriteBatch& batch) = 0;
virtual void del (Ldb& ldb, void* key, gstring& kbytes, leveldb::WriteBatch& batch) = 0;
};
std::map<gstring, std::shared_ptr<Trigger>> _triggers;
/** Register the trigger (by its `triggerName`). */
void putTrigger (std::shared_ptr<Trigger> trigger) {
_triggers[trigger->triggerName()] = trigger;
}
public:
Ldb() {}
/** Opens Leveldb database. */
Ldb (const char* path, leveldb::Options* options = nullptr, mode_t mode = 0770) {
int rc = ::mkdir (path, mode);
if (rc && errno != EEXIST) GNTHROW (LdbEx, std::string ("Can't create ") + path + ": " + ::strerror (errno));
leveldb::DB* db;
leveldb::Status status;
if (options) {
status = leveldb::DB::Open (*options, path, &db);
} else {
leveldb::Options localOptions;
localOptions.create_if_missing = true;
_filter.reset (leveldb::NewBloomFilterPolicy (8));
localOptions.filter_policy = _filter.get();
status = leveldb::DB::Open (localOptions, path, &db);
}
if (!status.ok()) GNTHROW (LdbEx, std::string ("Ldb: Can't open ") + path + ": " + status.ToString());
_db.reset (db);
}
/** Wraps an existing Leveldb handler. */
Ldb (std::shared_ptr<leveldb::DB> db): _db (db) {}
template <typename K, typename V> void put (const K& key, const V& value, leveldb::WriteBatch& batch) {
char kbuf[64]; // Allow up to 64 bytes to be serialized without heap allocations.
gstring kbytes (sizeof (kbuf), kbuf, false, 0);
ldbSerialize (kbytes, key);
char vbuf[64]; // Allow up to 64 bytes to be serialized without heap allocations.
gstring vbytes (sizeof (vbuf), vbuf, false, 0);
ldbSerialize (vbytes, value);
for (auto& trigger: _triggers) trigger.second->put (*this, (void*) &key, kbytes, (void*) &value, vbytes, batch);
batch.Put (leveldb::Slice (kbytes.data(), kbytes.size()), leveldb::Slice (vbytes.data(), vbytes.size()));
}
template <typename K, typename V> void put (const K& key, const V& value) {
leveldb::WriteBatch batch;
put (key, value, batch);
leveldb::Status status (_db->Write (leveldb::WriteOptions(), &batch));
if (!status.ok()) GNTHROW (LdbEx, "Ldb: add: " + status.ToString());
}
/** Returns `true` if the key exists. Throws on error. */
template <typename K> bool have (const K& key, leveldb::ReadOptions options = leveldb::ReadOptions()) {
char kbuf[64]; // Allow up to 64 bytes to be serialized without heap allocations.
gstring kbytes (sizeof (kbuf), kbuf, false, 0);
ldbSerialize (kbytes, key);
leveldb::Slice keySlice (kbytes.data(), kbytes.size());
// NB: "BloomFilter only helps for Get() calls" - https://groups.google.com/d/msg/leveldb/oEiDztqHiHc/LMY3tHxzRGAJ
// "Apart from the lack of Bloom filter functionality, creating an iterator is really quite slow" - qpu2jSA8mCEJ
std::string str;
leveldb::Status status (_db->Get (options, keySlice, &str));
if (status.ok()) return true;
else if (status.IsNotFound()) return false;
else GTHROW ("Ldb.have: " + status.ToString());
}
/** Returns `true` and modifies `value` if `key` is found. */
template <typename K, typename V> bool get (const K& key, V& value, leveldb::ReadOptions options = leveldb::ReadOptions()) {
char kbuf[64]; // Allow up to 64 bytes to be serialized without heap allocations.
gstring kbytes (sizeof (kbuf), kbuf, false, 0);
ldbSerialize (kbytes, key);
leveldb::Slice keySlice (kbytes.data(), kbytes.size());
// NB: "BloomFilter only helps for Get() calls" - https://groups.google.com/d/msg/leveldb/oEiDztqHiHc/LMY3tHxzRGAJ
// "Apart from the lack of Bloom filter functionality, creating an iterator is really quite slow" - qpu2jSA8mCEJ
std::string str;
leveldb::Status status (_db->Get (options, keySlice, &str));
if (status.ok()) {
ldbDeserialize (gstring (0, (void*) str.data(), false, str.size()), value);
return true;
} else if (status.IsNotFound()) return false;
else GTHROW ("Ldb.get: " + status.ToString());
}
template <typename K> void del (const K& key, leveldb::WriteBatch& batch) {
char kbuf[64]; // Allow up to 64 bytes to be serialized without heap allocations.
gstring kbytes (sizeof (kbuf), kbuf, false, 0);
ldbSerialize (kbytes, key);
if (kbytes.empty()) GNTHROW (LdbEx, "del: key is empty");
for (auto& trigger: _triggers) trigger.second->del (*this, (void*) &key, kbytes, batch);
batch.Delete (leveldb::Slice (kbytes.data(), kbytes.size()));
}
template <typename K> void del (const K& key) {
leveldb::WriteBatch batch;
del (key, batch);
leveldb::Status status (_db->Write (leveldb::WriteOptions(), &batch));
if (!status.ok()) GNTHROW (LdbEx, "Ldb: del: " + status.ToString());
}
/** Writes the batch. Throws LdbEx if not successfull. */
void write (leveldb::WriteBatch& batch, leveldb::WriteOptions options = leveldb::WriteOptions()) {
leveldb::Status status (_db->Write (options, &batch));
if (!status.ok()) GNTHROW (LdbEx, status.ToString());
}
virtual ~Ldb() {
_triggers.clear(); // Destroy triggers before closing the database.
}
};
} // namespace glim
#endif // _GLIM_LDB_HPP_INCLUDED

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PREFIX = /usr/local
INSTALL2 = ${PREFIX}/include/glim
CXXFLAGS = -std=c++1y -Wall -O2 -ggdb -DBOOST_ALL_DYN_LINK
all: test
help:
@echo "make test\nmake install\nmake uninstall\nmake clean"
doc: doxyconf *.hpp
mkdir -p doc
doxygen doxyconf
test: test_sqlite test_gstring test_runner test_exception test_ldb
test_sqlite: bin/test_sqlite
cp bin/test_sqlite /tmp/libglim_test_sqlite && chmod +x /tmp/libglim_test_sqlite && /tmp/libglim_test_sqlite && rm -f /tmp/libglim_test_sqlite
bin/test_sqlite: test_sqlite.cc
mkdir -p bin
g++ $(CXXFLAGS) test_sqlite.cc -o bin/test_sqlite -lsqlite3
test_memcache: bin/test_memcache
cp bin/test_memcache /tmp/libglim_test_memcache && chmod +x /tmp/libglim_test_memcache && /tmp/libglim_test_memcache && rm -f /tmp/libglim_test_memcache
bin/test_memcache: test_memcache.cc memcache.hpp
mkdir -p bin
g++ $(CXXFLAGS) test_memcache.cc -o bin/test_memcache -lmemcache
bin/test_gstring: test_gstring.cc gstring.hpp
mkdir -p bin
g++ $(CXXFLAGS) test_gstring.cc -o bin/test_gstring
test_gstring: bin/test_gstring
cp bin/test_gstring /tmp/libglim_test_gstring
chmod +x /tmp/libglim_test_gstring
/tmp/libglim_test_gstring
rm -f /tmp/libglim_test_gstring
bin/test_runner: test_runner.cc runner.hpp curl.hpp
mkdir -p bin
g++ $(CXXFLAGS) test_runner.cc -o bin/test_runner -pthread -lboost_log -levent -levent_pthreads -lcurl
test_runner: bin/test_runner
valgrind -q bin/test_runner
bin/test_exception: test_exception.cc exception.hpp
mkdir -p bin
g++ $(CXXFLAGS) test_exception.cc -o bin/test_exception -ldl -rdynamic
test_exception: bin/test_exception
valgrind -q bin/test_exception
test_ldb: test_ldb.cc ldb.hpp
mkdir -p bin
g++ $(CXXFLAGS) test_ldb.cc -o bin/test_ldb \
-lleveldb -lboost_serialization -lboost_filesystem -lboost_system
valgrind -q bin/test_ldb
bin/test_cbcoro: test_cbcoro.cc
mkdir -p bin
g++ $(CXXFLAGS) test_cbcoro.cc -o bin/test_cbcoro -pthread
test_cbcoro: bin/test_cbcoro
bin/test_cbcoro
install:
mkdir -p ${INSTALL2}/
cp sqlite.hpp ${INSTALL2}/
cp NsecTimer.hpp ${INSTALL2}/
cp TscTimer.hpp ${INSTALL2}/
cp memcache.hpp ${INSTALL2}/
cp gstring.hpp ${INSTALL2}/
cp runner.hpp ${INSTALL2}/
cp hget.hpp ${INSTALL2}/
cp curl.hpp ${INSTALL2}/
cp mdb.hpp ${INSTALL2}/
cp ldb.hpp ${INSTALL2}/
cp exception.hpp ${INSTALL2}/
cp SerializablePool.hpp ${INSTALL2}/
cp cbcoro.hpp ${INSTALL2}/
cp raii.hpp ${INSTALL2}/
cp channel.hpp ${INSTALL2}/
uninstall:
rm -rf ${INSTALL2}
clean:
rm -rf bin/*
rm -rf doc
rm -f /tmp/libglim_test_*
rm -f *.exe.stackdump

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#ifndef _GLIM_MDB_HPP_INCLUDED
#define _GLIM_MDB_HPP_INCLUDED
/**
* A C++ wrapper around MDB (http://www.symas.com/mdb/).
* @code
Copyright 2012 Kozarezov Artem Aleksandrovich
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
* @endcode
* @file
*/
#include <mdb.h>
#include <boost/archive/binary_oarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/archive/binary_iarchive.hpp>
#include <boost/serialization/serialization.hpp>
#include <boost/noncopyable.hpp>
#include <boost/iterator/iterator_facade.hpp>
#include <boost/range/iterator_range.hpp>
#include <arpa/inet.h> // htonl, ntohl
#include "gstring.hpp"
namespace glim {
struct MdbEx: public std::runtime_error {MdbEx (std::string message): std::runtime_error (message) {}};
template <typename T> inline void mdbSerialize (gstring& bytes, const T& data) {
gstring_stream stream (bytes);
boost::archive::binary_oarchive oa (stream, boost::archive::no_header);
oa << data;
}
template <typename V> inline void mdbDeserialize (const gstring& bytes, V& data) {
gstring_stream stream (const_cast<gstring&> (bytes));
boost::archive::binary_iarchive ia (stream, boost::archive::no_header);
ia >> data;
}
/** uint32_t keys are stored big-endian (network byte order) in order to be compatible with lexicographic ordering. */
template <> inline void mdbSerialize<uint32_t> (gstring& bytes, const uint32_t& ui) {
uint32_t nui = htonl (ui); bytes.append ((const char*) &nui, sizeof (uint32_t));}
/** Deserialize uint32_t from big-endian (network byte order). */
template <> inline void mdbDeserialize<uint32_t> (const gstring& bytes, uint32_t& ui) {
if (bytes.size() != sizeof (uint32_t)) throw MdbEx ("Not uint32_t, wrong number of bytes");
uint32_t nui = * (uint32_t*) bytes.data(); ui = ntohl (nui);}
/** If the data is `gstring` then use the data's buffer directly, no copy. */
template <> inline void mdbSerialize<gstring> (gstring& bytes, const gstring& data) {
bytes = gstring (0, (void*) data.data(), false, data.length());}
/** Deserializing into `gstring` copies the bytes into it, reusing its buffer. */
template <> inline void mdbDeserialize<gstring> (const gstring& bytes, gstring& data) {
data.clear() << bytes;}
/**
* Header-only C++ wrapper around OpenLDAP-MDB.\n
* Uses Boost Serialization to pack keys and values (glim::gstring can be used for raw bytes).\n
* Allows semi-automatic indexing with triggers.\n
* Known issues: http://www.openldap.org/its/index.cgi?findid=7448
*/
struct Mdb {
std::shared_ptr<MDB_env> _env;
MDB_dbi _dbi = 0;
typedef std::unique_ptr<MDB_txn, void(*)(MDB_txn*)> Transaction;
/** Holds the current key and value of the Iterator. */
struct IteratorEntry {
MDB_val _key = {0, 0}, _val = {0, 0};
/** Zero-copy view of the current key bytes. Should *not* be used after the Iterator is changed or destroyed. */
const gstring keyView() const {return gstring (0, _key.mv_data, false, _key.mv_size, true);} // Zero copy.
/** Zero-copy view of the current value bytes. Should *not* be used after the Iterator is changed or destroyed. */
const gstring valueView() const {return gstring (0, _val.mv_data, false, _val.mv_size, true);} // Zero copy.
/** Deserialize into `key`. */
template <typename T> void getKey (T& key) const {mdbDeserialize (keyView(), key);}
/** Deserialize the key into a temporary and return it. */
template <typename T> T getKey() const {T key; getKey (key); return key;}
/** Deserialize into `value`. */
template <typename T> void getValue (T& value) const {mdbDeserialize (valueView(), value);}
/** Deserialize the value into a temporary and return it. */
template <typename T> T getValue() const {T value; getValue (value); return value;}
};
/** Holds the Iterator's unique transaction and cursor, allowing the Iterator to be copied. */
struct IteratorImpl: boost::noncopyable {
Mdb* _mdb;
Transaction _txn;
MDB_cursor* _cur;
IteratorImpl (Mdb* mdb, Transaction&& txn, MDB_cursor* cur): _mdb (mdb), _txn (std::move (txn)), _cur (cur) {}
~IteratorImpl() {
if (_cur) {::mdb_cursor_close (_cur); _cur = nullptr;}
if (_mdb && _txn) {_mdb->commitTransaction (_txn); _mdb = nullptr;}
}
};
/** Wraps MDB cursor and cursor's transaction. */
struct Iterator: public boost::iterator_facade<Iterator, IteratorEntry, boost::bidirectional_traversal_tag> {
std::shared_ptr<IteratorImpl> _impl; // Iterator might be copied around, thus we keep the unique things in IteratorImpl.
IteratorEntry _entry;
bool _stayInKey = false;
Iterator (const Iterator&) = default;
Iterator (Iterator&&) = default;
/** Iterate from the beginning or the end of the database.
* @param position can be MDB_FIRST or MDB_LAST */
Iterator (Mdb* mdb, int position = 0): _stayInKey (false) {
Transaction txn (mdb->beginTransaction());
MDB_cursor* cur = nullptr; int rc = ::mdb_cursor_open (txn.get(), mdb->_dbi, &cur);
if (rc) throw MdbEx ("mdb_cursor_open");
_impl = std::make_shared<IteratorImpl> (mdb, std::move (txn), cur);
if (position == ::MDB_FIRST || position == ::MDB_LAST) {
rc = ::mdb_cursor_get (cur, &_entry._key, &_entry._val, (MDB_cursor_op) position);
if (rc) throw MdbEx ("mdb_cursor_get");
}
}
/** Iterate over `key` values.
* @param stayInKey if `false` then iterator can go farther than the `key`. */
Iterator (Mdb* mdb, const gstring& key, bool stayInKey = true): _stayInKey (stayInKey) {
Transaction txn (mdb->beginTransaction());
MDB_cursor* cur = nullptr; int rc = ::mdb_cursor_open (txn.get(), mdb->_dbi, &cur);
if (rc) throw MdbEx ("mdb_cursor_open");
_impl = std::make_shared<IteratorImpl> (mdb, std::move (txn), cur);
_entry._key = {key.size(), (void*) key.data()};
rc = ::mdb_cursor_get (cur, &_entry._key, &_entry._val, ::MDB_SET_KEY);
if (rc == MDB_NOTFOUND) {_entry._key = {0, 0}; _entry._val = {0, 0};}
else if (rc) throw MdbEx ("mdb_cursor_get");
}
struct EndIteratorFlag {};
/** The "end" iterator does not open an MDB transaction (this is essential for having a pair of iterators without a deadlock). */
Iterator (EndIteratorFlag): _stayInKey (false) {}
/** True if the iterator isn't pointing anywhere. */
bool end() const {return _entry._key.mv_size == 0;}
bool equal (const Iterator& other) const {
IteratorImpl* impl = _impl.get();
if (mdb_cmp (impl->_txn.get(), impl->_mdb->_dbi, &_entry._key, &other._entry._key)) return false;
if (mdb_dcmp (impl->_txn.get(), impl->_mdb->_dbi, &_entry._val, &other._entry._val)) return false;
return true;
}
IteratorEntry& dereference() const {
// NB: Boost iterator_facade expects the `dereference` to be a `const` method.
// I guess Iterator is not modified, so the `dereference` is `const`, even though the Entry can be modified.
return const_cast<IteratorEntry&> (_entry);}
void increment() {
int rc = ::mdb_cursor_get (_impl->_cur, &_entry._key, &_entry._val, _stayInKey ? ::MDB_NEXT_DUP : ::MDB_NEXT);
if (rc) {_entry._key = {0,0}; _entry._val = {0,0};}
}
void decrement() {
int rc = ::mdb_cursor_get (_impl->_cur, &_entry._key, &_entry._val, _stayInKey ? ::MDB_PREV_DUP : ::MDB_PREV);
if (rc) {_entry._key = {0,0}; _entry._val = {0,0};}
}
};
Iterator begin() {return Iterator (this, ::MDB_FIRST);}
const Iterator end() {return Iterator (Iterator::EndIteratorFlag());}
/** Position the cursor at the first `key` record.\n
* The iterator increment will use `MDB_NEXT_DUP`, staying withing the `key`.\n
* See also the `all` method. */
template <typename K> Iterator values (const K& key) {
char kbuf[64]; // Allow up to 64 bytes to be serialized without heap allocations.
gstring kbytes (sizeof (kbuf), kbuf, false, 0);
mdbSerialize (kbytes, key);
return Iterator (this, kbytes);
}
/** Range over the `key` values.\n
* See also the `all` method. */
template <typename K> boost::iterator_range<Iterator> valuesRange (const K& key) {return boost::iterator_range<Iterator> (values (key), end());}
struct Trigger {
virtual gstring getTriggerName() const {return C2GSTRING ("defaultTriggerName");};
virtual void add (Mdb& mdb, void* key, gstring& kbytes, void* value, gstring& vbytes, Transaction& txn) = 0;
virtual void erase (Mdb& mdb, void* key, gstring& kbytes, Transaction& txn) = 0;
virtual void eraseKV (Mdb& mdb, void* key, gstring& kbytes, void* value, gstring& vbytes, Transaction& txn) = 0;
};
std::map<gstring, std::shared_ptr<Trigger>> _triggers;
void setTrigger (std::shared_ptr<Trigger> trigger) {
_triggers[trigger->getTriggerName()] = trigger;
}
/** `flags` can be `MDB_RDONLY` */
Transaction beginTransaction (unsigned flags = 0) {
MDB_txn* txn = 0; int rc = ::mdb_txn_begin (_env.get(), nullptr, flags, &txn);
if (rc) throw MdbEx (std::string ("mdb_txn_begin: ") + ::strerror (rc));
return Transaction (txn, ::mdb_txn_abort);
}
void commitTransaction (Transaction& txn) {
int rc = ::mdb_txn_commit (txn.get());
txn.release(); // Must prevent `mdb_txn_abort` from happening (even if rc != 0).
if (rc) throw MdbEx (std::string ("mdb_txn_commit: ") + ::strerror (rc));
}
virtual unsigned envFlags (uint8_t sync) {
unsigned flags = MDB_NOSUBDIR;
if (sync < 1) flags |= MDB_NOSYNC; else if (sync < 2) flags |= MDB_NOMETASYNC;
return flags;
}
/** Used before `mdb_env_open`. By default sets the number of database to 32. */
virtual void envConf (MDB_env* env) {
int rc = ::mdb_env_set_maxdbs (env, 32);
if (rc) throw MdbEx (std::string ("envConf: ") + ::strerror (rc));
}
virtual void dbFlags (unsigned& flags) {}
protected:
void open (const char* dbName, bool dup) {
auto txn = beginTransaction();
unsigned flags = MDB_CREATE;
if (dup) flags |= MDB_DUPSORT;
dbFlags (flags);
int rc = ::mdb_open (txn.get(), dbName, flags, &_dbi);
if (rc) throw MdbEx (std::string ("mdb_open (") + dbName + "): " + ::strerror (rc));
commitTransaction (txn);
}
public:
/** Opens MDB environment and MDB database. */
Mdb (const char* path, size_t maxSizeMb = 1024, const char* dbName = "main", uint8_t sync = 0, bool dup = true, mode_t mode = 0660) {
MDB_env* env = 0; int rc = ::mdb_env_create (&env);
if (rc) throw MdbEx (std::string ("mdb_env_create: ") + ::strerror (rc));
_env.reset (env, ::mdb_env_close);
rc = ::mdb_env_set_mapsize (env, maxSizeMb * 1024 * 1024);
if (rc) throw MdbEx (std::string ("mdb_env_set_mapsize: ") + ::strerror (rc));
envConf (env);
rc = ::mdb_env_open (env, path, envFlags (sync), mode);
_dbi = 0; open (dbName, dup);
}
/** Opens MDB database in the provided environment. */
Mdb (std::shared_ptr<MDB_env> env, const char* dbName, bool dup = true): _env (env), _dbi (0) {
open (dbName, dup);
}
template <typename K, typename V> void add (const K& key, const V& value, Transaction& txn) {
char kbuf[64]; // Allow up to 64 bytes to be serialized without heap allocations.
gstring kbytes (sizeof (kbuf), kbuf, false, 0);
mdbSerialize (kbytes, key);
MDB_val mkey = {kbytes.size(), (void*) kbytes.data()};
char vbuf[64]; // Allow up to 64 bytes to be serialized without heap allocations.
gstring vbytes (sizeof (vbuf), vbuf, false, 0);
mdbSerialize (vbytes, value);
MDB_val mvalue = {vbytes.size(), (void*) vbytes.data()};
for (auto& trigger: _triggers) trigger.second->add (*this, (void*) &key, kbytes, (void*) &value, vbytes, txn);
int rc = ::mdb_put (txn.get(), _dbi, &mkey, &mvalue, 0);
if (rc) throw MdbEx (std::string ("mdb_put: ") + ::strerror (rc));
}
template <typename K, typename V> void add (const K& key, const V& value) {
Transaction txn (beginTransaction());
add (key, value, txn);
commitTransaction (txn);
}
template <typename K, typename V> bool first (const K& key, V& value, Transaction& txn) {
char kbuf[64]; // Allow up to 64 bytes to be serialized without heap allocations.
gstring kbytes (sizeof (kbuf), kbuf, false, 0);
mdbSerialize (kbytes, key);
MDB_val mkey = {kbytes.size(), (void*) kbytes.data()};
MDB_val mvalue;
int rc = ::mdb_get (txn.get(), _dbi, &mkey, &mvalue);
if (rc == MDB_NOTFOUND) return false;
if (rc) throw MdbEx (std::string ("mdb_get: ") + ::strerror (rc));
gstring vstr (0, mvalue.mv_data, false, mvalue.mv_size);
mdbDeserialize (vstr, value);
return true;
}
template <typename K, typename V> bool first (const K& key, V& value) {
Transaction txn (beginTransaction (MDB_RDONLY));
bool rb = first (key, value, txn);
commitTransaction (txn);
return rb;
}
/** Iterate over `key` values until `visitor` returns `false`. Return the number of values visited. */
template <typename K, typename V> int32_t all (const K& key, std::function<bool(const V&)> visitor, Transaction& txn) {
char kbuf[64]; // Allow up to 64 bytes to be serialized without heap allocations.
gstring kbytes (sizeof (kbuf), kbuf, false, 0);
mdbSerialize (kbytes, key);
MDB_val mkey = {kbytes.size(), (void*) kbytes.data()};
MDB_cursor* cur = 0; int rc = ::mdb_cursor_open (txn.get(), _dbi, &cur);
if (rc) throw MdbEx (std::string ("mdb_cursor_open: ") + ::strerror (rc));
std::unique_ptr<MDB_cursor, void(*)(MDB_cursor*)> curHolder (cur, ::mdb_cursor_close);
MDB_val mval = {0, 0};
rc = ::mdb_cursor_get (cur, &mkey, &mval, ::MDB_SET_KEY); if (rc == MDB_NOTFOUND) return 0;
if (rc) throw MdbEx (std::string ("mdb_cursor_get: ") + ::strerror (rc));
V value;
gstring vstr (0, mval.mv_data, false, mval.mv_size);
mdbDeserialize (vstr, value);
bool goOn = visitor (value);
int32_t count = 1;
while (goOn) {
rc = ::mdb_cursor_get (cur, &mkey, &mval, ::MDB_NEXT_DUP); if (rc == MDB_NOTFOUND) return count;
if (rc) throw MdbEx (std::string ("mdb_cursor_get: ") + ::strerror (rc));
gstring vstr (0, mval.mv_data, false, mval.mv_size);
mdbDeserialize (vstr, value);
goOn = visitor (value);
++count;
}
return count;
}
/** Iterate over `key` values until `visitor` returns `false`. Return the number of values visited. */
template <typename K, typename V> int32_t all (const K& key, std::function<bool(const V&)> visitor) {
Transaction txn (beginTransaction (MDB_RDONLY));
int32_t count = all (key, visitor, txn);
commitTransaction (txn);
return count;
}
template <typename K, typename V> bool eraseKV (const K& key, const V& value, Transaction& txn) {
char kbuf[64]; // Allow up to 64 bytes to be serialized without heap allocations.
gstring kbytes (sizeof (kbuf), kbuf, false, 0);
mdbSerialize (kbytes, key);
if (kbytes.empty()) throw MdbEx ("eraseKV: key is empty");
MDB_val mkey = {kbytes.size(), (void*) kbytes.data()};
char vbuf[64]; // Allow up to 64 bytes to be serialized without heap allocations.
gstring vbytes (sizeof (vbuf), vbuf, false, 0);
mdbSerialize (vbytes, value);
MDB_val mvalue = {vbytes.size(), (void*) vbytes.data()};
for (auto& trigger: _triggers) trigger.second->eraseKV (*this, (void*) &key, kbytes, (void*) &value, vbytes, txn);
int rc = ::mdb_del (txn.get(), _dbi, &mkey, &mvalue);
if (rc == MDB_NOTFOUND) return false;
if (rc) throw MdbEx (std::string ("mdb_del: ") + ::strerror (rc));
return true;
}
template <typename K, typename V> bool eraseKV (const K& key, const V& value) {
Transaction txn (beginTransaction());
bool rb = eraseKV (key, value, txn);
commitTransaction (txn);
return rb;
}
/** Erase all values of the `key`. */
template <typename K> bool erase (const K& key, Transaction& txn) {
char kbuf[64]; // Allow up to 64 bytes to be serialized without heap allocations.
gstring kbytes (sizeof (kbuf), kbuf, false, 0);
mdbSerialize (kbytes, key);
if (kbytes.empty()) throw MdbEx ("erase: key is empty");
MDB_val mkey = {kbytes.size(), (void*) kbytes.data()};
for (auto& trigger: _triggers) trigger.second->erase (*this, (void*) &key, kbytes, txn);
int rc = ::mdb_del (txn.get(), _dbi, &mkey, nullptr);
if (rc == MDB_NOTFOUND) return false;
if (rc) throw MdbEx (std::string ("mdb_del: ") + ::strerror (rc));
return true;
}
/** Erase all values of the `key`. */
template <typename K> bool erase (const K& key) {
Transaction txn (beginTransaction());
bool rb = erase (key, txn);
commitTransaction (txn);
return rb;
}
static void test (Mdb& mdb) {
mdb.add (std::string ("foo"), std::string ("bar"));
// NB: "MDB_DUPSORT doesn't allow duplicate duplicates" (Howard Chu)
mdb.add (std::string ("foo"), std::string ("bar"));
mdb.add ((uint32_t) 123, 1);
mdb.add ((uint32_t) 123, 2);
mdb.add (C2GSTRING ("foo"), 3);
mdb.add (C2GSTRING ("foo"), 4);
mdb.add (C2GSTRING ("gsk"), C2GSTRING ("gsv"));
string ts; int ti; gstring tgs;
auto fail = [](string msg) {throw std::runtime_error ("assertion failed: " + msg);};
if (!mdb.first (std::string ("foo"), ts) || ts != "bar") fail ("!foo=bar");
if (!mdb.first ((uint32_t) 123, ti) || ti < 1 || ti > 2) fail ("!123");
if (!mdb.first (C2GSTRING ("foo"), ti) || ti < 3 || ti > 4) fail ("!foo=3,4");
if (!mdb.first (C2GSTRING ("gsk"), tgs) || tgs != "gsv") fail ("!gsk=gsv");
// Test range-based for.
int count = 0; bool haveGskGsv = false;
for (auto&& entry: mdb) {
if (!entry._key.mv_size || !entry._val.mv_size) fail ("!entry");
if (entry.keyView() == "gsk") {
if (entry.getKey<gstring>() != "gsk") fail ("getKey(gsk)!=gsk");
if (entry.getValue<gstring>() != "gsv") fail ("getValue(gsk)!=gsv");
haveGskGsv = true;
}
++count;}
if (count != 6) fail ("count!=6"); // foo=bar, 123=1, 123=2, foo=3, foo=4, gsk=gsv
if (!haveGskGsv) fail ("!haveGskGsv");
// Test `values`.
count = 0; int sum = 0;
for (auto&& entry: mdb.valuesRange ((uint32_t) 123)) {
if (entry.getKey<uint32_t>() != (uint32_t) 123) fail("values(123).key!=123");
++count; sum += entry.getValue<int>();
}
if (count != 2) fail ("count(123)!=2");
if (sum != 3) fail ("sum(123)!=3");
if (!mdb.eraseKV ((uint32_t) 123, 1)) fail ("!eraseKV(123,1)");
if (!mdb.first ((uint32_t) 123, ti) || ti != 2) fail ("!123=2");
if (!mdb.eraseKV ((uint32_t) 123, 2)) fail ("!eraseKV(123,2)");
if (mdb.first ((uint32_t) 123, ti)) fail ("123");
if (!mdb.erase (C2GSTRING ("foo"))) fail ("!erase(g(foo))");
if (mdb.first (C2GSTRING ("foo"), ti)) fail ("foo");
if (!mdb.erase (std::string ("foo"))) fail ("!erase(str(foo))");
{ // We've erased "123" and "foo", the only key left is "gsk" (gsk=gsv), let's test the iterator boundaries on this small dataset.
auto&& it = mdb.begin();
if (it->getKey<gstring>() != "gsk") fail ("first key !gsk " + it->keyView().str());
if (!(++it).end()) fail ("++it != end");
if ((--it)->getKey<gstring>() != "gsk") fail ("can't go back to gsk");
if (!(--it).end()) fail ("--it != end");
if ((++it)->getKey<gstring>() != "gsk") fail ("can't go forward to gsk");
}
struct SimpleIndexTrigger: public Trigger {
const char* _name; Mdb _indexDb;
SimpleIndexTrigger (Mdb& mdb, const char* name = "index"): _name (name), _indexDb (mdb._env, name) {}
gstring getTriggerName() {return gstring (0, (void*) _name, false, strlen (_name), true);}
void add (Mdb& mdb, void* key, gstring& kbytes, void* value, gstring& vbytes, Transaction& txn) {
MDB_val mkey = {vbytes.size(), (void*) vbytes.data()};
MDB_val mvalue = {kbytes.size(), (void*) kbytes.data()};
int rc = ::mdb_put (txn.get(), _indexDb._dbi, &mkey, &mvalue, 0);
if (rc) throw MdbEx (std::string ("index, mdb_put: ") + ::strerror (rc));
}
void erase (Mdb& mdb, void* ekey, gstring& kbytes, Transaction& txn) {
// Get all the values and remove them from the index.
MDB_cursor* cur = 0; int rc = ::mdb_cursor_open (txn.get(), mdb._dbi, &cur);
if (rc) throw MdbEx (std::string ("index, erase, mdb_cursor_open: ") + ::strerror (rc));
std::unique_ptr<MDB_cursor, void(*)(MDB_cursor*)> curHolder (cur, ::mdb_cursor_close);
MDB_val mkey = {kbytes.size(), (void*) kbytes.data()}, val = {0, 0};
rc = ::mdb_cursor_get (cur, &mkey, &val, ::MDB_SET_KEY); if (rc == MDB_NOTFOUND) return;
if (rc) throw MdbEx (std::string ("index, erase, mdb_cursor_get: ") + ::strerror (rc));
rc = ::mdb_del (txn.get(), _indexDb._dbi, &val, &mkey);
if (rc && rc != MDB_NOTFOUND) throw MdbEx (std::string ("index, erase, mdb_del: ") + ::strerror (rc));
for (;;) {
rc = ::mdb_cursor_get (cur, &mkey, &val, ::MDB_NEXT_DUP); if (rc == MDB_NOTFOUND) return;
if (rc) throw MdbEx (std::string ("index, erase, mdb_cursor_get: ") + ::strerror (rc));
rc = ::mdb_del (txn.get(), _indexDb._dbi, &val, &mkey);
if (rc && rc != MDB_NOTFOUND) throw MdbEx (std::string ("index, erase, mdb_del: ") + ::strerror (rc));
}
}
void eraseKV (Mdb& mdb, void* key, gstring& kbytes, void* value, gstring& vbytes, Transaction& txn) {
MDB_val mkey = {vbytes.size(), (void*) vbytes.data()};
MDB_val mvalue = {kbytes.size(), (void*) kbytes.data()};
int rc = ::mdb_del (txn.get(), _indexDb._dbi, &mkey, &mvalue);
if (rc && rc != MDB_NOTFOUND) throw MdbEx (std::string ("index, mdb_del: ") + ::strerror (rc));
}
};
auto indexTrigger = std::make_shared<SimpleIndexTrigger> (mdb); mdb.setTrigger (indexTrigger); auto& indexDb = indexTrigger->_indexDb;
mdb.erase (C2GSTRING ("gsk")); // NB: "gsk" wasn't indexed here. `IndexTrigger.erase` should handle this gracefully.
// Add indexed.
mdb.add (C2GSTRING ("ik"), C2GSTRING ("iv1"));
mdb.add (C2GSTRING ("ik"), string ("iv2"));
mdb.add (C2GSTRING ("ik"), 3);
// Check the index.
gstring ik;
if (!indexDb.first (C2GSTRING ("iv1"), ik) || ik != "ik") fail ("!iv1=ik");
if (!indexDb.first (string ("iv2"), ik) || ik != "ik") fail ("!iv2=ik");
if (!indexDb.first (3, ik) || ik != "ik") fail ("!iv3=ik");
// Remove indexed.
mdb.eraseKV (C2GSTRING ("ik"), string ("iv2"));
// Check the index.
if (!indexDb.first (C2GSTRING ("iv1"), ik) || ik != "ik") fail ("!iv1=ik");
if (indexDb.first (string ("iv2"), ik)) fail ("iv2=ik");
if (!indexDb.first (3, ik) || ik != "ik") fail ("!iv3=ik");
// Remove indexed.
mdb.erase (C2GSTRING ("ik"));
// Check the index.
if (indexDb.first (C2GSTRING ("iv1"), ik)) fail ("iv1");
if (indexDb.first (3, ik)) fail ("iv3");
// Check the data.
if (mdb.first (C2GSTRING ("ik"), ik)) fail ("ik");
}
virtual ~Mdb() {
_triggers.clear(); // Destroy triggers before closing the database.
if (_dbi) {::mdb_close (_env.get(), _dbi); _dbi = 0;}
}
};
} // namespace glim
#endif // _GLIM_MDB_HPP_INCLUDED

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#include <functional>
namespace glim {
// http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2121607/any-raii-template-in-boost-or-c0x/
/// RAII helper. Keeps the functor and runs it in the destructor.
/// Example: \code auto unmap = raiiFun ([&]() {munmap (fd, size);}); \endcode
template<typename Fun> struct RAIIFun {
Fun _fun;
RAIIFun (RAIIFun&&) = default;
RAIIFun (const RAIIFun&) = default;
template<typename FunArg> RAIIFun (FunArg&& fun): _fun (std::forward<Fun> (fun)) {}
~RAIIFun() {_fun();}
};
/// The idea to name it `finally` comes from http://www.codeproject.com/Tips/476970/finally-clause-in-Cplusplus.
/// Example: \code finally unmap ([&]() {munmap (fd, size);}); \endcode
typedef RAIIFun<std::function<void(void)>> finally;
/// Runs the given functor when going out of scope.
/// Example: \code
/// auto closeFd = raiiFun ([&]() {close (fd);});
/// auto unmap = raiiFun ([&]() {munmap (fd, size);});
/// \endcode
template<typename Fun> RAIIFun<Fun> raiiFun (const Fun& fun) {return RAIIFun<Fun> (fun);}
/// Runs the given functor when going out of scope.
/// Example: \code
/// auto closeFd = raiiFun ([&]() {close (fd);});
/// auto unmap = raiiFun ([&]() {munmap (fd, size);});
/// \endcode
template<typename Fun> RAIIFun<Fun> raiiFun (Fun&& fun) {return RAIIFun<Fun> (std::move (fun));}
}

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#ifndef _GLIM_RUNNER_INCLUDED
#define _GLIM_RUNNER_INCLUDED
#include <algorithm> // min
#include <atomic>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <chrono>
#include <functional>
#include <mutex>
#include <memory>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <thread>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <curl/curl.h>
#include <event2/event.h> // cf. hiperfifo.cpp at http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.web.curl.library/37752
#include <boost/intrusive_ptr.hpp>
#include <boost/lockfree/queue.hpp> // http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_53_0/doc/html/boost/lockfree/queue.html
#include <boost/log/trivial.hpp>
#include <time.h>
#include <stdlib.h> // rand
#include <sys/eventfd.h>
#include "gstring.hpp"
#include "exception.hpp"
namespace glim {
/// Listens to messages returned by `curl_multi_info_read`.
/// NB: When CURL is queued with `addToCURLM` the CURL's `CURLOPT_PRIVATE` must point to the instance of `CurlmInformationListener`.
struct CurlmInformationListener {
enum FreeOptions {REMOVE_CURL_FROM_CURLM = 1, CURL_CLEANUP = 2, DELETE_LISTENER = 4, REMOVE_CLEAN_DELETE = 1|2|4};
virtual FreeOptions information (CURLMsg*, CURLM*) = 0;
virtual ~CurlmInformationListener() {}
};
/// Listener deferring to a lambda.
struct FunCurlmLisneter: public glim::CurlmInformationListener {
std::function <void(CURLMsg*, CURLM*)> _fun;
FreeOptions _freeOptions;
FunCurlmLisneter (std::function <void(CURLMsg*, CURLM*)>&& fun, FreeOptions freeOptions): _fun (std::move (fun)), _freeOptions (freeOptions) {}
virtual FreeOptions information (CURLMsg* msg, CURLM* curlm) override {
if (__builtin_expect ((bool) _fun, 1))
try {_fun (msg, curlm);} catch (const std::exception& ex) {BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL (error) << "FunCurlmLisneter] " << ex.what();}
return _freeOptions;
}
};
/// Running cURL jobs in a single thread.
/// NB: The RunnerV2 *must* be allocated with `boost::intrusive_ptr` (typically you'd use `RunnerV2::instance()`).
class RunnerV2 {
std::atomic_int_fast32_t _references {0}; // For intrusive_ptr.
CURLM* _multi = nullptr; ///< Initialized in `run`. Should not be used outside of it.
int _eventFd = 0; ///< Used to give the `curl_multi_wait` some work when there's no cURL descriptors and to wake it from `withCURLM`.
boost::lockfree::queue<CURL*, boost::lockfree::capacity<64>> _queue; ///< `CURL` handles waiting to be added to `CURL_MULTI`.
std::thread _thread;
std::atomic_bool _running {false}; /// True if the `_thread` is running.
using FreeOptions = CurlmInformationListener::FreeOptions;
friend inline void intrusive_ptr_add_ref (RunnerV2*);
friend inline void intrusive_ptr_release (RunnerV2*);
void run() noexcept {
try {
if (__builtin_expect (_references <= 0, 0)) GTHROW ("RunnerV2] Must be allocated with boost::intrusive_ptr!");
_running = true; // NB: _running only becomes true if we're in the intrusive_ptr. ^^
pthread_setname_np (pthread_self(), "Runner");
_multi = curl_multi_init(); if (__builtin_expect (_multi == nullptr, 0)) GTHROW ("!curl_multi_init");
_eventFd = eventfd (0, EFD_CLOEXEC | EFD_NONBLOCK); // Used to pause `curl_multi_wait` when there's no other jobs.
if (__builtin_expect (_eventFd == -1, 0)) GTHROW (std::string ("eventfd: ") + ::strerror (errno));
while (__builtin_expect (_references > 0, 0)) {
// Reset the CURL_EVENT_FD value to 0, so that the `curl_multi_wait` can sleep.
if (__builtin_expect (_eventFd > 0, 1)) {eventfd_t count = 0; eventfd_read (_eventFd, &count);}
// Add the queued CURL handles to our CURLM.
CURL* easy = nullptr; while (_queue.pop (easy)) curl_multi_add_handle (_multi, easy);
// Run the cURL.
int runningHandles = 0;
CURLMcode rc = curl_multi_perform (_multi, &runningHandles); // http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_multi_perform.html
if (__builtin_expect (rc != CURLM_OK, 0)) BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL (error) << "Runner] curl_multi_perform: " << curl_multi_strerror (rc);
// Process the finished handles.
for (;;) {
int messagesLeft = 0; CURLMsg* msg = curl_multi_info_read (_multi, &messagesLeft); if (msg) try {
CURL* curl = msg->easy_handle; CurlmInformationListener* listener = 0;
if (__builtin_expect (curl_easy_getinfo (curl, CURLINFO_PRIVATE, &listener) == CURLE_OK, 1)) {
using FOP = CurlmInformationListener::FreeOptions;
FOP fop = listener->information (msg, _multi);
if (fop & FOP::REMOVE_CURL_FROM_CURLM) curl_multi_remove_handle (_multi, curl);
if (fop & FOP::CURL_CLEANUP) curl_easy_cleanup (curl);
if (fop & FOP::DELETE_LISTENER) delete listener;
} else {
curl_multi_remove_handle (_multi, curl);
curl_easy_cleanup (curl);
}
} catch (const std::exception& ex) {BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL (error) << "Runner] " << ex.what();}
if (messagesLeft == 0) break;
}
// Wait on the cURL file descriptors.
int descriptors = 0;
curl_waitfd waitfd = {_eventFd, CURL_WAIT_POLLIN, 0};
eventfd_t eValue = 0; eventfd_read (_eventFd, &eValue); // Reset the curlEventFd value to zero.
rc = curl_multi_wait (_multi, &waitfd, 1, 100, &descriptors); // http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_multi_wait.html
if (__builtin_expect (rc != CURLM_OK, 0)) BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL (error) << "Runner] curl_multi_wait: " << curl_multi_strerror (rc);
}
} catch (const std::exception& ex) {BOOST_LOG_TRIVIAL (error) << "Runner] " << ex.what();}
// Delayed destruction: when we're in intrusive_ptr (_running == true) but no longer referenced.
if (_running && _references == 0) delete this; // http://www.parashift.com/c++-faq-lite/delete-this.html
else _running = false;
}
public:
RunnerV2() {
// Start a thread using CURLM in a thread-safe way (that is, from this single thread only).
// NB: Handles *can* be passed between threads: http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.web.curl.library/33188
_thread = std::thread (&RunnerV2::run, this);
}
~RunnerV2() {
_thread.detach();
}
/// A singletone instance of the Runner used in order for different programes to reuse the same cURL thread.
static boost::intrusive_ptr<RunnerV2>& instance() {
static boost::intrusive_ptr<RunnerV2> INSTANCE (new RunnerV2());
return INSTANCE;
}
/// Schedule a CURL handler to be executed in the cURL thread.
/// NB: If the handle have a `CURLOPT_PRIVATE` option then it MUST point to an instance of `CurlmInformationListener`.
void addToCURLM (CURL* easyHandle) {
if (__builtin_expect (!_queue.push (easyHandle), 0)) GTHROW ("Can't push CURL* into the queue.");
if (__builtin_expect (_eventFd > 0, 1)) eventfd_write (_eventFd, 1); // Will wake the `curl_multi_wait` up, in order to run the `curl_multi_add_handle`.
}
/// Schedule a CURL handler to be executed in the cURL thread.
/// NB: `CURLOPT_PRIVATE` is overwritten with a pointer to `FunCurlmLisneter`.
void addToCURLM (CURL* easyHandle, std::function <void(CURLMsg*, CURLM*)>&& listener,
FreeOptions freeOptions = static_cast<FreeOptions> (FreeOptions::REMOVE_CURL_FROM_CURLM | FreeOptions::DELETE_LISTENER)) {
FunCurlmLisneter* funListener = new FunCurlmLisneter (std::move (listener), freeOptions); // Will be deleted by the Runner.
curl_easy_setopt (easyHandle, CURLOPT_PRIVATE, funListener); // Tells `addToCURLM` to call this listener later.
addToCURLM (easyHandle);
}
};
inline void intrusive_ptr_add_ref (RunnerV2* runner) {++ runner->_references;}
inline void intrusive_ptr_release (RunnerV2* runner) {if (-- runner->_references == 0 && !runner->_running) delete runner;}
/// Run CURLM requests and completion handlers, as well as other periodic jobs.
class Runner {
G_DEFINE_EXCEPTION (RunnerEx);
/// Free CURL during stack unwinding.
struct FreeCurl {
Runner* runner; CURL* curl;
FreeCurl (Runner* runner, CURL* curl): runner (runner), curl (curl) {}
~FreeCurl() {
runner->_handlers.erase (curl);
curl_multi_remove_handle (runner->_curlm, curl);
curl_easy_cleanup (curl);
}
};
public:
struct JobInfo;
/// The job must return `true` if Runner is to continue invoking it.
typedef std::function<bool(JobInfo& jobInfo)> job_t;
struct JobInfo {
job_t job;
float pauseSec = 1.0f;
struct timespec ran = {0, 0};
};
protected:
typedef std::function<void(CURLMsg*)> handler_t;
typedef std::function<void(const char* error)> errlog_t;
std::shared_ptr<struct event_base> _evbase;
errlog_t _errlog;
std::recursive_mutex _mutex;
typedef std::unique_ptr<struct event, void(*)(struct event*)> event_t;
std::unordered_map<CURL*, std::pair<handler_t, event_t>> _handlers;
/// Functions to run periodically.
typedef std::unordered_map<gstring, JobInfo> jobs_map_t;
jobs_map_t _jobs;
CURLM* _curlm = nullptr;
struct event* _timer = nullptr;
/// Schedule a function to be run on the event loop. Useful to run all cURL methods on the single event loop thread.
template<typename F>
void doInEv (F fun, struct timeval after = {0, 0}) {
struct Dugout {F fun; struct event* timer; Dugout (F&& fun): fun (std::move (fun)), timer (nullptr) {}} *dugout = new Dugout (std::move (fun));
event_callback_fn cb = [](evutil_socket_t, short, void* dugout_)->void {
Dugout* dugout = static_cast<Dugout*> (dugout_);
event_free (dugout->timer); dugout->timer = nullptr;
F fun = std::move (dugout->fun); delete dugout;
fun();
};
dugout->timer = evtimer_new (_evbase.get(), cb, dugout);
evtimer_add (dugout->timer, &after);
}
bool shouldRun (jobs_map_t::value_type& entry, const struct timespec& ct) {
JobInfo& jobInfo = entry.second;
if (jobInfo.pauseSec <= 0.f) return true; // Run always.
if (jobInfo.ran.tv_sec == 0) {jobInfo.ran = ct; return true;}
float delta = (float)(ct.tv_sec - jobInfo.ran.tv_sec);
delta += (float)(ct.tv_nsec - jobInfo.ran.tv_nsec) / 1000000000.0f;
if (delta >= jobInfo.pauseSec) {jobInfo.ran = ct; return true;}
return false;
}
/// Used for debugging.
static uint64_t ms() {
return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds> (std::chrono::system_clock::now().time_since_epoch()) .count();
}
/// Tells CURL to check its sockets.
void callCurlWithTimeout() {
//std::cout << __LINE__ << ',' << ms() << ": callCurlWithTimeout" << std::endl;
int running_handles = 0;
CURLMcode rc = curl_multi_socket_action (_curlm, CURL_SOCKET_TIMEOUT, 0, &running_handles);
if (rc != CURLM_OK) {GSTRING_ON_STACK (err, 256) << "glim::Runner: curl_multi_socket_action: " << curl_multi_strerror (rc); _errlog (err.c_str());}
}
/// Should only be run when the _mutex is locked.
void checkForFinishedCurlJobs() {
//std::cout << __LINE__ << ',' << ms() << ": checkForFinishedCurlJobs" << std::endl;
nextMessage:
int msgs_in_queue = 0;
CURLMsg* msg = curl_multi_info_read (_curlm, &msgs_in_queue);
if (msg) try {
auto curl = msg->easy_handle;
FreeCurl freeCurl (this, curl);
auto it = _handlers.find (curl);
if (it != _handlers.end()) it->second.first (msg);
if (msgs_in_queue > 0) goto nextMessage;
} catch (const std::exception& ex) {
char eBuf[512]; gstring err (sizeof(eBuf), eBuf, false, 0);
err << "glim::Runner: handler: " << ex.what();
_errlog (err.c_str());
}
}
/// Will reset the timer unless there is a shorter timer already set.
void restartTimer (uint32_t nextInMicro = 100000) { // 100ms = 100000µs
struct timeval tv;
if (event_pending (_timer, EV_TIMEOUT, &tv) && !tv.tv_sec && tv.tv_usec < nextInMicro) return; // Already have a shorter timeout.
tv = {0, nextInMicro};
evtimer_add (_timer, &tv);
}
static void evTimerCB (evutil_socket_t, short, void* runner_) {
//std::cout << __LINE__ << ',' << ms() << ": evTimerCB" << std::endl;
Runner* runner = (Runner*) runner_;
runner->callCurlWithTimeout();
runner->run();
}
/// event_callback_fn: There is an activity on a socket we are monitoring for CURL.
static void evSocketCB (evutil_socket_t sock, short events, void* runner_) {
//std::cout << __LINE__ << ',' << ms() << ": evSocketCB; sock: " << sock << "; events: " << events << std::endl;
Runner* runner = (Runner*) runner_;
int ev_bitmask = (events & EV_READ ? CURL_CSELECT_IN : 0) | (events & EV_WRITE ? CURL_CSELECT_OUT : 0);
int running_handles = 0;
CURLMcode rc = curl_multi_socket_action (runner->_curlm, sock, ev_bitmask, &running_handles);
if (rc != CURLM_OK) {GSTRING_ON_STACK (err, 256) << "glim::Runner: curl_multi_socket_action: " << curl_multi_strerror (rc); runner->_errlog (err.c_str());}
}
static void deleteEvent (struct event* ev) {
//std::cout << __LINE__ << ',' << ms() << ": deleteEvent: " << ev << std::endl;
event_del (ev); event_free (ev);
};
/// curl_socket_callback: CURL asks us to monitor the socket.
static int curlSocketCB (CURL* easy, curl_socket_t sock, int what, void* runner_, void* socketp) {
//std::cout << __LINE__ << ',' << ms() << ": curlSocketCB; sock: " << sock << "; what: " << what;
//std::cout << " (" << (what == 0 ? "none" : what == 1 ? "in" : what == 2 ? "out" : what == 3 ? "inout" : what == 4 ? "remove" : "?") << ")" << std::endl;
Runner* runner = (Runner*) runner_;
std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock (runner->_mutex);
if (what & CURL_POLL_REMOVE) {
auto it = runner->_handlers.find (easy); if (it != runner->_handlers.end()) it->second.second.reset();
// We can't run `checkForFinishedCurlJobs` from there or bad things would happen
// (`curl_multi_remove_handle` will be called while we are still in the `curl_multi_socket_action`),
// but we can schedule the check via the libevent timer.
runner->restartTimer (0);
} else {
auto it = runner->_handlers.find (easy); if (it != runner->_handlers.end() && !it->second.second) {
event_callback_fn cb = evSocketCB;
struct event* ev = event_new (runner->_evbase.get(), sock, EV_READ | EV_WRITE | EV_ET | EV_PERSIST, cb, runner);
event_add (ev, nullptr);
//std::cout << __LINE__ << ',' << ms() << ": new event: " << ev << std::endl;
it->second.second = event_t (ev, deleteEvent);
}
}
return 0;
}
/// curl_multi_timer_callback: Schedule a CURL timer event or if `timeout_ms` is 0 then run immediately.
static int curlTimerCB (CURLM* multi, long timeout_ms, void* runner_) {
//std::cout << __LINE__ << ',' << ms() << ": curlTimerCB; timeout_ms: " << timeout_ms << std::endl;
if (timeout_ms == -1) return 0; // CURL tells us it doesn't need no timer.
Runner* runner = (Runner*) runner_;
if (timeout_ms == 0) { // CURL tells us it wants to run NOW.
runner->callCurlWithTimeout();
return 0;
}
// CURL asks us to run it `timeout_ms` from now.
runner->restartTimer (std::min ((uint32_t) timeout_ms, (uint32_t) 100) * 1000); // We wait no more than 100ms.
return 0;
}
public:
Runner (std::shared_ptr<struct event_base> evbase, errlog_t errlog): _evbase (evbase), _errlog (errlog) {
doInEv ([this]() {
std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock (_mutex);
_curlm = curl_multi_init(); if (!_curlm) GNTHROW (RunnerEx, "!curl_multi_init");
auto check = [this](CURLMcode rc) {if (rc != CURLM_OK) {curl_multi_cleanup (_curlm); GNTHROW (RunnerEx, "curl_multi_setopt: " + std::to_string (rc));}};
check (curl_multi_setopt (_curlm, CURLMOPT_SOCKETDATA, this));
curl_socket_callback socketCB = curlSocketCB; check (curl_multi_setopt (_curlm, CURLMOPT_SOCKETFUNCTION, socketCB));
check (curl_multi_setopt (_curlm, CURLMOPT_TIMERDATA, this));
curl_multi_timer_callback curlTimerCB_ = curlTimerCB; check (curl_multi_setopt (_curlm, CURLMOPT_TIMERFUNCTION, curlTimerCB_));
event_callback_fn evTimerCB_ = evTimerCB; _timer = evtimer_new (_evbase.get(), evTimerCB_, this);
restartTimer();
});
}
~Runner() {
//std::cout << __LINE__ << ',' << ms() << ": ~Runner" << std::endl;
std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock (_mutex);
if (_timer) {evtimer_del (_timer); event_free (_timer); _timer = nullptr;}
doInEv ([curlm = _curlm, handlers = std::move (_handlers)]() {
for (auto it = handlers.begin(), end = handlers.end(); it != end; ++it) {
curl_multi_remove_handle (curlm, it->first);
curl_easy_cleanup (it->first);
}
if (curlm) {curl_multi_cleanup (curlm);}
});
_curlm = nullptr;
}
/** Turns HTTP Pipelining on (or off).
* See http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_multi_setopt.html#CURLMOPTPIPELINING */
Runner& pipeline (long enabled = 1) {
CURLMcode rc = curl_multi_setopt (_curlm, CURLMOPT_PIPELINING, enabled);
if (rc != CURLM_OK) GNTHROW (RunnerEx, "curl_multi_setopt: " + std::to_string (rc));
return *this;
}
/// Wait for the operation to complete, then call the `handler`, then free the `curl`.
void multi (CURL* curl, handler_t handler) {
{ std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock (_mutex);
_handlers.insert (std::make_pair (curl, std::make_pair (std::move (handler), event_t (nullptr, nullptr)))); }
doInEv ([this,curl]() {
curl_multi_add_handle (_curlm, curl);
});
}
/// Register a new job to be run on the thread loop.
JobInfo& job (const gstring& name) {
std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock (_mutex);
return _jobs[name];
}
/// Register a new job to be run on the thread loop.
void schedule (const gstring& name, float pauseSec, job_t job) {
struct timespec ct; if (pauseSec > 0.f) clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ct);
std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock (_mutex);
JobInfo& jobInfo = _jobs[name];
jobInfo.job = job;
jobInfo.pauseSec = pauseSec;
if (pauseSec > 0.f) jobInfo.ran = ct; // If we need a pause then we also need to know when the job was scheduled.
}
/// Register a new job to be run on the thread loop.
void schedule (float pauseSec, job_t job) {
// Find a unique job name.
anotherName:
GSTRING_ON_STACK (name, 64) << "job" << rand();
if (_jobs.find (name) != _jobs.end()) goto anotherName;
schedule (name, pauseSec, std::move (job));
}
void removeJob (const gstring& name) {
std::lock_guard<std::recursive_mutex> lock (_mutex);
_jobs.erase (name);
}
/// Invoked automatically from a libevent timer; can also be invoked manually.
void run() {
_mutex.lock();
checkForFinishedCurlJobs();
// Run non-CURL jobs. Copy jobs into a local array in order not to run them with the `_mutex` locked.
struct timespec ct; clock_gettime (CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ct);
JobInfo jobs[_jobs.size()]; gstring jobNames[_jobs.size()]; int jn = -1; {
for (auto it = _jobs.begin(), end = _jobs.end(); it != end; ++it) if (shouldRun (*it, ct)) {
++jn; jobNames[jn] = it->first; jobs[jn] = it->second;
} }
_mutex.unlock();
for (; jn >= 0; --jn) try {
if (!jobs[jn].job (jobs[jn])) removeJob (jobNames[jn]);
} catch (const std::exception& ex) {
char eBuf[512]; gstring err (sizeof(eBuf), eBuf, false, 0);
err << "glim::Runner: error in job " << jobNames[jn] << ": " << ex.what();
_errlog (err.c_str());
}
restartTimer();
}
/// Expose CURLM. Useful for curl_multi_setopt (http://curl.haxx.se/libcurl/c/curl_multi_setopt.html).
CURLM* curlm() const {return _curlm;}
};
} // namespace glim
#endif // _GLIM_RUNNER_INCLUDED

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#ifndef GLIM_SQLITE_HPP_
#define GLIM_SQLITE_HPP_
/**
* A threaded interface to <a href="http://sqlite.org/">SQLite</a>.
* This file is a header-only library,
* whose sole dependencies should be standard STL and posix threading libraries.
* You can extract this file out of the "glim" library to include it separately in your project.
* @code
Copyright 2006-2012 Kozarezov Artem Aleksandrovich
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
limitations under the License.
* @endcode
* @file
*/
#include <stdexcept>
#include <string>
#include <sqlite3.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <string.h> // strerror
#include <sys/types.h> // stat
#include <sys/stat.h> // stat
#include <unistd.h> // stat
#include <errno.h> // stat
#include <stdio.h> // snprintf
#include <stdint.h>
namespace glim {
class SqliteSession;
class SqliteQuery;
struct SqliteEx: public std::runtime_error {
SqliteEx (const std::string& what): std::runtime_error (what) {}
};
/**
* The database.
* According to sqlite3_open <a href="http://sqlite.org/capi3ref.html#sqlite3_open">documentation</a>,
* only the thread that opened the database can safely access it. This restriction was
* relaxed, as described in the <a href="http://www.sqlite.org/faq.html#q8">FAQ</a>
* (the "Is SQLite threadsafe?" question), so we can use the library from multiple
* threads, but only if no more than one thread at a time accesses the database.
* This restriction is, in fact, beneficial if the database is used from a single application:
* by restricting access to a sigle thread at a time, we effectively avoid all deadlock issues.\n
* This library goals are:\n
* \li to ensure that SQLite is used in a thread-safe way,
* \li to provide additional threaded quirks, such as delayed updates (not implemented).
*
* The library is targeted at SQLite setup which is \b not \c -DTHREADSAFE,
* since this is the default setup on UNIX architectures.\n
* \n
* This file is a header-only library,
* whose sole dependencies should be standard STL and posix threading libraries.
* You can extract this file out of the "glim" library to include it separately in your project.\n
* \n
* This library is targeted at UTF-8 API. There is no plans to support the UTF-16 API.\n
* \n
* See also:\n
* \li http://www.sqlite.org/cvstrac/fileview?f=sqlite/src/server.c\n
* for another way of handling multithreading with SQLite.
*/
class Sqlite {
/// No copying allowed.
Sqlite& operator = (const Sqlite& other) {return *this;}
/// No copying allowed.
Sqlite (const Sqlite& other) = delete;
friend class SqliteSession;
protected:
/// Filename the database was opened with; we need it to reopen the database on fork()s.
/// std::string is used to avoid memory allocation issues.
std::string filename;
::sqlite3* handler;
::pthread_mutex_t mutex;
public:
/// Flags for the Sqlite constructor.
enum Flags {
/**
* The file will be checked for existence.
* SqliteEx is thrown if the file is not accessible;
* format of the error description is "$filename: $strerror".\n
* Usage example: \code Sqlite db ("filename", Sqlite::existing); \endcode
*/
existing = 1
};
/**
* Opens the database.
* @param filename Database filename (UTF-8).
* @param flags Optional. Currently there is the #existing flag.
* @throws SqliteEx Thrown if we can't open the database.
*/
Sqlite (std::string filename, int flags = 0) {
if (flags & existing) {
// Check if the file exists already.
struct stat st; if (stat (filename.c_str(), &st))
throw SqliteEx (filename + ": " + ::strerror(errno));
}
::pthread_mutex_init (&mutex, NULL);
this->filename = filename;
if (::sqlite3_open(filename.c_str(), &handler) != SQLITE_OK)
throw SqliteEx (std::string("sqlite3_open(") + filename + "): " + ::sqlite3_errmsg(handler));
}
/**
* Closes the database.
* @throws SqliteEx Thrown if we can't close the database.
*/
~Sqlite () {
::pthread_mutex_destroy (&mutex);
if (::sqlite3_close(handler) != SQLITE_OK)
throw SqliteEx (std::string ("sqlite3_close(): ") + ::sqlite3_errmsg(handler));
}
Sqlite& exec (const char* query);
/**
* Invokes `exec` on `query.c_str()`.
* Example:\code
* glim::Sqlite sqlite (":memory:");
* for (std::string pv: {"page_size = 4096", "secure_delete = 1"}) sqlite->exec2 ("PRAGMA " + pv); \endcode
*/
template <typename StringLike> Sqlite& exec2 (StringLike query) {return exec (query.c_str());}
};
/**
* A single thread session with Sqlite.
* Only a sigle thread at a time can have an SqliteSession,
* all other threads will wait, in the SqliteSession constructor,
* till the active session is either closed or destructed.
*/
class SqliteSession {
/// No copying allowed.
SqliteSession& operator = (const SqliteSession& other) {return *this;}
/// No copying allowed.
SqliteSession(SqliteSession& other): db (NULL) {}
protected:
Sqlite* db;
public:
/**
* Locks the database.
* @throws SqliteEx if a mutex error occurs.
*/
SqliteSession (Sqlite* sqlite): db (sqlite) {
int err = ::pthread_mutex_lock (&(db->mutex));
if (err != 0) throw SqliteEx (std::string ("error locking the mutex: ") + ::strerror(err));
}
/**
* A shorter way to construct query from the session.
* Usage example: \code ses.query(S("create table test (i integer)")).step() \endcode
* @see SqliteQuery#qstep
*/
template <typename T>
SqliteQuery query (T t);
/// Automatically unlocks the database.
/// @see close
~SqliteSession () {close();}
/**
* Unlock the database.
* It is safe to call this method multiple times.\n
* You must not use the session after it was closed.\n
* All resources allocated within this session must be released before the session is closed.
* @throws SqliteEx if a mutex error occurs.
*/
void close () {
if (db == NULL) return;
int err = ::pthread_mutex_unlock (&(db->mutex));
db = NULL;
if (err != 0) throw SqliteEx (std::string ("error unlocking the mutex: ") + ::strerror(err));
}
/// True if the \c close method has been already called on this SqliteSession.
bool isClosed () const {
return db == NULL;
}
/**
* This class can be used in place of the SQLite handler.
* Make sure you've released any resources thus manually acquired before this SqliteSession is closed.
* Usage example:
* @code
* glim::Sqlite db (":memory:");
* glim::SqliteSession ses (&db);
* sqlite3_exec (ses, "PRAGMA page_size = 4096;", NULL, NULL, NULL);
* @endcode
*/
operator ::sqlite3* () const {return db->handler;}
};
/**
* Execute the given query, throwing SqliteEx on failure.\n
* Example:\code
* glim::Sqlite sqlite (":memory:");
* sqlite.exec ("PRAGMA page_size = 4096") .exec ("PRAGMA secure_delete = 1"); \endcode
*/
inline Sqlite& Sqlite::exec (const char* query) {
SqliteSession ses (this); // Maintains the locks.
char* errmsg = NULL; ::sqlite3_exec (handler, query, NULL, NULL, &errmsg);
if (errmsg) throw SqliteEx (std::string ("Sqlite::exec, error in query (") + query + "): " + errmsg);
return *this;
}
/**
* Wraps the sqlite3_stmt; will prepare it, bind values, query and finalize.
*/
class SqliteQuery {
protected:
::sqlite3_stmt* statement;
SqliteSession* session;
int bindCounter;
/// -1 if statement isn't DONE.
int mChanges;
void prepare (SqliteSession* session, char const* query, int queryLength) {
::sqlite3* handler = *session;
if (::sqlite3_prepare_v2 (handler, query, queryLength, &statement, NULL) != SQLITE_OK)
throw SqliteEx (std::string(query, queryLength) + ": " + ::sqlite3_errmsg(handler));
}
/** Shan't copy. */
SqliteQuery (const SqliteQuery& other) = delete;
public:
SqliteQuery (SqliteQuery&& rvalue) {
statement = rvalue.statement;
session = rvalue.session;
bindCounter = rvalue.bindCounter;
mChanges = rvalue.mChanges;
rvalue.statement = nullptr;
}
/**
* Prepares the query.
* @throws SqliteEx if sqlite3_prepare fails; format of the error message is "$query: $errmsg".
*/
SqliteQuery (SqliteSession* session, char const* query, int queryLength)
: statement (NULL), session (session), bindCounter (0), mChanges (-1) {
prepare (session, query, queryLength);
}
/**
* Prepares the query.
* @throws SqliteEx if sqlite3_prepare fails; format of the error message is "$query: $errmsg".
*/
SqliteQuery (SqliteSession* session, std::pair<char const*, int> query)
: statement (NULL), session (session), bindCounter (0), mChanges (-1) {
prepare (session, query.first, query.second);
}
/**
* Prepares the query.
* @throws SqliteEx if sqlite3_prepare fails; format of the error message is "$query: $errmsg".
*/
SqliteQuery (SqliteSession* session, std::string query)
: statement (NULL), session (session), bindCounter (0), mChanges (-1) {
prepare (session, query.c_str(), query.length());
}
/**
* Release resources.
* @see http://sqlite.org/capi3ref.html#sqlite3_finalize
*/
~SqliteQuery () {
if (statement) ::sqlite3_finalize (statement);
}
/// Call this (followed by the #step) if you need the query to be re-executed.
/// @see http://sqlite.org/capi3ref.html#sqlite3_reset
SqliteQuery& reset () {
bindCounter = 0;
mChanges = -1;
::sqlite3_reset (statement);
return *this;
}
/// Synonym for #step.
bool next () {return step();}
/**
* Invokes sqlite3_step.
* @return \c true if there was a row fetched successfully, \c false if there is no more rows.
* @see http://sqlite.org/capi3ref.html#sqlite3_step
*/
bool step () {
if (mChanges >= 0) {mChanges = 0; return false;}
int ret = ::sqlite3_step (statement);
if (ret == SQLITE_ROW) return true;
if (ret == SQLITE_DONE) {
mChanges = ::sqlite3_changes (*session);
return false;
}
throw SqliteEx (std::string(::sqlite3_errmsg(*session)));
}
/**
* Perform #step and throw an exception if #step has returned \c false.
* Usage example:
* \code (ses.query(S("select count(*) from test where idx = ?")) << 12345).qstep().intAt(1) \endcode
*/
SqliteQuery& qstep () {
if (!step())
throw SqliteEx (std::string("qstep: no rows returned / affected"));
return *this;
}
/**
* Invokes a DML query and returns the number of rows affected.
* Example: \code
* int affected = (ses.query(S("update test set count = count + ? where id = ?")) << 1 << 9).ustep();
* \endcode
* @see http://sqlite.org/capi3ref.html#sqlite3_step
*/
int ustep () {
int ret = ::sqlite3_step (statement);
if (ret == SQLITE_DONE) {
mChanges = ::sqlite3_changes (*session);
return mChanges;
}
if (ret == SQLITE_ROW) return 0;
throw SqliteEx (std::string(::sqlite3_errmsg(*session)));
}
/**
* The number of rows changed by the query.
* Providing the query was a DML (Data Modification Language),
* returns the number of rows updated.\n
* If the query wasn't a DML, returned value is undefined.\n
* -1 is returned if the query wasn't executed, or after #reset.\n
* Example: \code
* SqliteQuery query (&ses, S("update test set count = count + ? where id = ?"));
* query.bind (1, 1);
* query.bind (2, 9);
* query.step ();
* int affected = query.changes ();
* \endcode
* @see #ustep
*/
int changes () {return mChanges;}
/**
* The integer value of the given column.
* @param column 1-based.
* @see http://sqlite.org/capi3ref.html#sqlite3_column_text
*/
int intAt (int column) {
return ::sqlite3_column_int (statement, --column);
}
/**
* The integer value of the given column.
* @param column 1-based.
* @see http://sqlite.org/capi3ref.html#sqlite3_column_text
*/
sqlite3_int64 int64at (int column) {
return ::sqlite3_column_int64 (statement, --column);
}
/**
* The floating point number from the given column.
* @param column 1-based.
* @see http://sqlite.org/capi3ref.html#sqlite3_column_text
*/
double doubleAt (int column) {
return ::sqlite3_column_double (statement, --column);
}
/**
* Return the column as UTF-8 characters, which can be used until the next #step.
* @param column 1-based.
* @see http://sqlite.org/capi3ref.html#sqlite3_column_text
*/
std::pair<char const*, int> charsAt (int column) {
return std::pair<char const*, int> ((char const*) ::sqlite3_column_text (statement, column-1),
::sqlite3_column_bytes (statement, column-1));
}
/**
* Return the column as C++ string (UTF-8).
* @param column 1-based.
*/
std::string stringAt (int column) {
return std::string ((char const*) ::sqlite3_column_text (statement, column-1),
::sqlite3_column_bytes (statement, column-1));
}
/**
* The type of the column.
* SQLITE_INTEGER, SQLITE_FLOAT, SQLITE_TEXT, SQLITE_BLOB or SQLITE_NULL.
* @param column 1-based.
* @see http://sqlite.org/capi3ref.html#sqlite3_column_text
*/
int typeAt (int column) {
return ::sqlite3_column_type (statement, --column);
}
/**
* Binds a value using one of the bind methods.
*/
template<typename T>
SqliteQuery& operator << (T value) {
return bind (++bindCounter, value);
}
/**
* Binds a value using the named parameter and one of the bind methods.
* @throws SqliteEx if the name could not be found.
* @see http://sqlite.org/capi3ref.html#sqlite3_bind_parameter_index
*/
template<typename T>
SqliteQuery& bind (char const* name, T value) {
int index = ::sqlite3_bind_parameter_index (statement, name);
if (index == 0)
throw SqliteEx (std::string ("No such parameter in the query: ") + name);
return bind (index, value);
}
/**
* Bind a string to the query.
* @param transient must be true, if lifetime of the string might be shorter than that of the query.
*/
SqliteQuery& bind (int index, const char* text, int length, bool transient = false) {
if (::sqlite3_bind_text (statement, index, text, length,
transient ? SQLITE_TRANSIENT : SQLITE_STATIC) != SQLITE_OK)
throw SqliteEx (std::string (::sqlite3_errmsg (*session)));
return *this;
}
/**
* Bind a string to the query.
* @param transient must be true, if lifetime of the string might be shorter than that of the query.
*/
SqliteQuery& bind (int index, std::pair<const char*, int> text, bool transient = false) {
if (::sqlite3_bind_text (statement, index, text.first, text.second,
transient ? SQLITE_TRANSIENT : SQLITE_STATIC) != SQLITE_OK)
throw SqliteEx (std::string (::sqlite3_errmsg (*session)));
return *this;
}
/**
* Bind a string to the query.
* @param transient must be true, if lifetime of the string might be shorter than that of the query.
*/
SqliteQuery& bind (int index, const std::string& text, bool transient = true) {
if (::sqlite3_bind_text (statement, index, text.data(), text.length(),
transient ? SQLITE_TRANSIENT : SQLITE_STATIC) != SQLITE_OK)
throw SqliteEx (std::string (::sqlite3_errmsg (*session)));
return *this;
}
/**
* Bind an integer to the query.
*/
SqliteQuery& bind (int index, int value) {
if (::sqlite3_bind_int (statement, index, value) != SQLITE_OK)
throw SqliteEx (std::string (::sqlite3_errmsg (*session)));
return *this;
}
/**
* Bind an 64-bit integer to the query.
*/
SqliteQuery& bind (int index, sqlite3_int64 value) {
if (::sqlite3_bind_int64 (statement, index, value) != SQLITE_OK)
throw SqliteEx (std::string (::sqlite3_errmsg (*session)));
return *this;
}
};
/**
* Version of SqliteQuery suitable for using SQLite in parallel with other processes.
* Will automatically handle the SQLITE_SCHEMA error
* and will automatically repeat attempts after SQLITE_BUSY,
* but it requires that the query string supplied
* is constant and available during the SqliteParQuery lifetime.
* Error messages, contained in exceptions, may differ from SqliteQuery by containing the query
* (for example, the #step method will throw "$query: $errmsg" instead of just "$errmsg").
*/
class SqliteParQuery: public SqliteQuery {
protected:
char const* query;
int queryLength;
int repeat;
int wait;
public:
/**
* Prepares the query.
* @param repeat the number of times we try to repeat the query when SQLITE_BUSY is returned.
* @param wait how long, in milliseconds (1/1000 of a second) we are to wait before repeating.
* @throws SqliteEx if sqlite3_prepare fails; format of the error message is "$query: $errmsg".
*/
SqliteParQuery (SqliteSession* session, char const* query, int queryLength, int repeat = 90, int wait = 20)
: SqliteQuery (session, query, queryLength) {
this->query = query;
this->queryLength = queryLength;
this->repeat = repeat;
this->wait = wait;
}
/**
* Prepares the query.
* @param query the SQL query together with its length.
* @param repeat the number of times we try to repeat the query when SQLITE_BUSY is returned.
* @param wait how long, in milliseconds (1/1000 of a second) we are to wait before repeating.
* @throws SqliteEx if sqlite3_prepare fails; format of the error message is "$query: $errmsg".
*/
SqliteParQuery (SqliteSession* session, std::pair<char const*, int> query, int repeat = 90, int wait = 20)
: SqliteQuery (session, query) {
this->query = query.first;
this->queryLength = query.second;
this->repeat = repeat;
this->wait = wait;
}
bool next () {return step();}
bool step () {
if (mChanges >= 0) {mChanges = 0; return false;}
repeat:
int ret = ::sqlite3_step (statement);
if (ret == SQLITE_ROW) return true;
if (ret == SQLITE_DONE) {
mChanges = ::sqlite3_changes (*session);
return false;
}
if (ret == SQLITE_SCHEMA) {
::sqlite3_stmt* old = statement;
prepare (session, query, queryLength);
::sqlite3_transfer_bindings(old, statement);
::sqlite3_finalize (old);
goto repeat;
}
if (ret == SQLITE_BUSY) for (int repeat = this->repeat; ret == SQLITE_BUSY && repeat >= 0; --repeat) {
//struct timespec ts; ts.tv_sec = 0; ts.tv_nsec = wait * 1000000; // nan is 10^-9 of sec.
//while (::nanosleep (&ts, &ts) == EINTR);
::sqlite3_sleep (wait);
ret = ::sqlite3_step (statement);
}
throw SqliteEx (std::string(query, queryLength) + ::sqlite3_errmsg(*session));
}
};
template <typename T>
SqliteQuery SqliteSession::query (T t) {
return SqliteQuery (this, t);
}
}; // namespace glim
#endif // GLIM_SQLITE_HPP_

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// http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Setcontext; man 3 makecontext; man 2 getcontext
// http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_53_0/libs/context/doc/html/index.html
// g++ -std=c++11 -O1 -Wall -g test_cbcoro.cc -pthread && ./a.out
#include <glim/exception.hpp>
#include <glim/NsecTimer.hpp>
#include "cbcoro.hpp"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h> // sleep
#include <string.h> // strerror
#include <errno.h>
#include <functional>
using std::function;
#include <thread>
#include <memory>
using std::shared_ptr; using std::make_shared;
#include <string>
using std::string; using std::to_string;
#include <iostream>
using std::cout; using std::endl;
/** A typical remote service with callback. */
void esDelete (int frople, std::function<void(int)> cb) {
std::thread th ([cb,frople]() {
cout << "esDelete: sleeping for a second" << endl;
std::this_thread::sleep_for (std::chrono::seconds (1));
cb (frople);
}); th.detach();
}
struct RemoveFroples: public glim::CBCoro {
const char* _argument;
RemoveFroples (const char* argument): _argument (argument) {
cout << "RF: constructor" << endl;
}
virtual ~RemoveFroples() {puts ("~RemoveFroples");}
virtual void run() override {
for (int i = 1; i <= 4; ++i) {
cout << "RF: Removing frople " << i << "..." << endl;
int returnedFrople = 0;
yieldForCallback ([this,i,&returnedFrople]() {
if (i != 2) {
// Sometimes we use a callback.
esDelete (i, [this,&returnedFrople](int frople) {
cout << "RF,CB: frople " << frople << "." << endl;
returnedFrople = frople;
invokeFromCallback();
});
} else {
// Sometimes we don't use a callback.
returnedFrople = 0;
invokeFromCallback();
}
});
cout << "RF: Returned from callback; _returnTo is: " << (intptr_t) _returnTo << "; frople " << returnedFrople << endl;
}
cout << "RF: finish! _returnTo is: " << (intptr_t) _returnTo << endl;
};
};
int main() {
glim::cbCoro ([](glim::CBCoro* cbcoro) {
cout << "main: run1, thread " << std::this_thread::get_id() << endl; // Runs on the `main` thread.
cbcoro->yieldForCallback ([&]() {
std::thread callbackThread ([&]() {
std::this_thread::sleep_for (std::chrono::seconds (4));
cbcoro->invokeFromCallback();
}); callbackThread.detach();
});
cout << "main: run2, thread " << std::this_thread::get_id() << endl; // Runs on the `callbackThread`.
});
(new RemoveFroples ("argument"))->start();
cout << "main: returned from RemoveFroples" << endl;
glim::NsecTimer timer; const int ops = RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND ? 999 : 9999;
for (int i = 0; i < ops; ++i) glim::cbCoro ([](glim::CBCoro* cbcoro) {});
double speedEmpty = ops / timer.sec();
timer.restart();
for (int i = 0; i < ops; ++i) glim::cbCoro ([](glim::CBCoro* cbcoro) {cbcoro->yieldForCallback ([&]() {cbcoro->invokeFromCallback();});});
double speedImmediate = ops / timer.sec();
sleep (5);
cout << "speed: empty: " << speedEmpty << " o/s" << endl;
cout << "speed: immediate: " << speedImmediate << " o/s" << endl;
return 0;
}

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#define _GLIM_ALL_EXCEPTIONS_CODE
#include "exception.hpp"
#include <iostream>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <assert.h>
// NB: Controlling exceptions across shared object (.so) boundaries is tested separately in frople/src/test.cpp/testExceptionControl.
static void testThrowLine() {
int line = 0; std::string message; try {
line = __LINE__; GTHROW ("message");
} catch (const std::exception& ex) {
message = ex.what();
}
//std::cout << message << ' ' << std::flush;
assert (message.size());
assert (std::string (message) .find (":" + std::to_string (line)) != std::string::npos);
line = 0; message.clear(); std::string name; try {
line = __LINE__; G_DEFINE_EXCEPTION (FooEx); GNTHROW (FooEx, "foo");
} catch (const std::exception& ex) {
message = ex.what(); name = typeid (ex) .name();
}
//std::cout << "testThrowLine: " << message << ' ' << name << ' ' << std::flush;
assert (message.size());
assert (std::string (message) .find (":" + std::to_string (line)) != std::string::npos);
assert (name.find ("FooEx") != std::string::npos);
message.clear(); try {
glim::ExceptionControl plainWhat (glim::Exception::PLAIN_WHAT);
GTHROW ("bar");
} catch (const std::exception& ex) {
message = ex.what();
}
assert (message == "bar");
assert (glim::Exception::options() == 0);
}
static void testBacktrace() {
assert (glim::Exception::options() == 0);
glim::ExceptionControl captureTrace (glim::Exception::CAPTURE_TRACE);
assert (glim::Exception::options() != 0);
std::string message;
try {
GTHROW ("message");
} catch (const std::exception& ex) {
message = ex.what();
}
//std::cout << "testBacktrace: " << message << std::endl;
if (message.find ("[at bin/test_exception") == std::string::npos && message.find ("[test_exception") == std::string::npos)
GTHROW ("No expected string in " + message);
}
static void testAllExceptionsHack() {
assert (glim::Exception::options() == 0);
std::string traceBuf;
glim::ExceptionHandler traceExceptions (glim::Exception::HANDLE_ALL | glim::Exception::RENDEZVOUS, glim::captureBacktrace, &traceBuf);
assert (glim::Exception::options() != 0);
try {
throw "catch me"; // Catched by `_GLIM_ALL_EXCEPTIONS_CODE` and handled with `glim::ExceptionControl::backtrace`.
} catch (const char* skip) {}
//std::cout << "testAllExceptionsHack: " << std::endl << traceBuf << std::endl;
assert (traceBuf.size());
}
int main () {
std::cout << "Testing exception.hpp ... " << std::flush;
testThrowLine();
testBacktrace();
testAllExceptionsHack();
std::cout << "pass." << std::endl;
return 0;
}

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#include "gstring.hpp"
using glim::gstring;
#include <assert.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <sstream>
#include <unordered_map>
#include <boost/algorithm/string/predicate.hpp>
#include <boost/algorithm/string/trim.hpp>
#include <boost/algorithm/string/case_conv.hpp>
static void testIterators();
static void testBoost();
static void testStrftime();
int main () {
std::cout << "Testing gstring.hpp ... " << std::flush;
gstring gs;
if (gs.needsFreeing()) throw std::runtime_error ("Default gstring needsFreeing");
if (gs.capacity() != 1) throw std::runtime_error ("Default gstring capacity is not 1");
char buf16[16];
gstring gs16 (sizeof (buf16), buf16, false, 0);
if (gs16.capacity() != 16) throw std::runtime_error ("gs16 capacity != 16");
if (gs16.size() != 0) throw std::runtime_error ("gs16 size != 0");
gstring gsFree (17, NULL, true, 0);
if (!gsFree.needsFreeing()) throw std::runtime_error ("!needsFreeing");
if (gsFree.capacity() != 16) throw std::runtime_error ("gsFree capacity != 16");
if (gsFree.size() != 0) throw std::runtime_error ("gsFree size != 0");
gstring gsRO (0, NULL, false, 0);
if (gsRO.needsFreeing()) throw std::runtime_error ("needsFreeing");
if (gsRO.capacity() != 1) throw std::runtime_error ("gsRO capacity != 1");
if (gsRO.size() != 0) throw std::runtime_error ("gsRO size != 0");
char buf32[32];
gstring gs32 (sizeof (buf32), buf32, false, 0);
if (gs32.capacity() != 32) throw std::runtime_error ("capacity != 32");
if (gs32.size() != 0) throw std::runtime_error ("gs32 size != 0");
const gstring foo = C2GSTRING ("foo");
if (foo.needsFreeing()) throw std::runtime_error ("foo needsFreeing");
if (foo != "foo") throw std::runtime_error ("foo != foo");
if (foo.size() != 3) throw std::runtime_error ("foo not 3");
std::ostringstream oss; oss << gs16 << gsFree << gsRO << gs32 << foo;
if (oss.str() != "foo") throw std::runtime_error ("oss foo != foo");
glim::gstring_stream gss (gs16); std::ostream gsos (&gss);
gsos << "bar" << std::flush;
if (gs16 != "bar") throw std::runtime_error ("gs16 != bar");
gsos << "beer" << std::flush;
if (gs16 != "barbeer") throw std::runtime_error ("gs16 != barbeer");
gsos << "123456789" << std::flush;
if (gs16 != "barbeer123456789") throw std::runtime_error ("gs16 != barbeer123456789");
if (gs16.capacity() != 16) throw std::runtime_error ("gs16 != 16");
gsos << '0' << std::flush;
if (gs16 != "barbeer1234567890") throw std::runtime_error ("gs16 != barbeer1234567890");
if (gs16.capacity() != 32) throw std::runtime_error ("gs16 != 32");
gstring gsb; std::string str ("abc");
gsb << 'a' << 1 << 2LL << str;
std::string ns ("1:3,"); std::istringstream nsi (ns);
gsb.readNetstring (nsi);
if (gsb != "a12abc3") throw std::runtime_error ("gsb != a12abc3");
if (strcmp (gsb.c_str(), "a12abc3") != 0) throw std::runtime_error ("strcmp ! 0");
gsb.clear().appendNetstring ("foo") .appendNetstring ("bar");
if (gsb != "3:foo,3:bar,") throw std::runtime_error ("gsb != 3:foo,3:bar,");
uint32_t pos = 0;
if (gsb.netstringAt (pos, &pos) != "foo" || gsb.netstringAt (pos, &pos) != "bar" || pos != gsb.length())
throw std::runtime_error ("gsb !netstringAt");
gs32.clear() << 12345 << ',';
if (gs32.intAt (0, &pos) != 12345 || pos != 5) throw std::runtime_error ("gsb !12345");
if (gs32.intAt (1, &pos) != 2345 || pos != 5) throw std::runtime_error ("gsb !2345");
if (gs32.intAt (5, &pos) != 0 || pos != 5) throw std::runtime_error ("gsb !0");
if ((gs32.clear() << 123).erase (0) != "23") throw std::runtime_error ("!23");
if ((gs32.clear() << 123).erase (1) != "13") throw std::runtime_error ("!13");
if ((gs32.clear() << 123).erase (2) != "12") throw std::runtime_error ("!12");
std::unordered_map<glim::gstring, int> map;
map[glim::gstring ("foo")] = 1;
glim::gstring bar ("bar");
map[bar] = 1;
map[glim::gstring ("sum")] = map[glim::gstring ("foo")] + map[glim::gstring ("bar")];
if (map[glim::gstring ("sum")] != 2) throw std::runtime_error ("sum != 2");
map.clear();
gstring gs1 ("foo"); gstring gs2 ("bar");
gs1 = gstring (gs2 << "_"); // Copying in order to malloc length() bytes.
if (gs1 != "bar_") throw std::runtime_error ("!bar_");
if (gs1.capacity() != 1) throw std::runtime_error ("bar_ != 4");
testIterators();
testBoost();
testStrftime();
std::cout << "pass." << std::endl;
return 0;
}
static void testIterators() {
gstring foo (C2GSTRING ("foo"));
gstring buf; for (auto it = foo.begin(), end = foo.end(); it != end; ++it) buf << *it;
assert (buf == "foo");
assert (boost::starts_with (foo, "f") && boost::ends_with (foo, "oo"));
}
static void testBoost() {
gstring str (" foo\t\r\n");
boost::trim (str);
assert (str == "foo");
gstring up ("FOO"); boost::to_lower (up);
assert (up == "foo");
}
static void testStrftime() {
time_t tim = time(0); struct tm ltime; memset (&ltime, 0, sizeof ltime); if (!localtime_r (&tim, &ltime)) GTHROW ("!localtime_r");
GSTRING_ON_STACK (t1, 8); assert (t1.capacity() == 8);
t1.appendTime ("", &ltime); assert (t1 == "");
t1.appendTime ("foo %a, %d %b %Y %T %z bar", &ltime);
assert (t1.capacity() > 8); // Capacity increased to account for the large string.
assert (boost::starts_with (t1, "foo "));
assert (boost::ends_with (t1, " bar"));
GSTRING_ON_STACK (t2, 8); assert (t2.capacity() == 8);
t2.appendTime ("%H", &ltime);
assert (t2.capacity() == 8); // 8 is big enought, isn't it?
assert (t2.intAt (0) == ltime.tm_hour); // NB: intAt is safe here because strftime adds an uncounted null-terminator.
}

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#include "ldb.hpp"
using glim::Ldb;
using glim::gstring;
#include <iostream>
using std::cout; using std::flush; using std::endl;
#include <assert.h>
#include <boost/filesystem.hpp>
void test1 (Ldb& ldb) {
ldb.put (std::string ("foo_"), std::string ("bar"));
ldb.put ((uint32_t) 123, 1);
ldb.put ((uint32_t) 123, 2);
ldb.put (C2GSTRING ("foo"), 3);
ldb.put (C2GSTRING ("foo"), 4);
ldb.put (C2GSTRING ("gsk"), C2GSTRING ("gsv"));
std::string ts; int ti; gstring tgs;
auto fail = [](std::string msg) {throw std::runtime_error ("assertion failed: " + msg);};
if (!ldb.get (std::string ("foo_"), ts) || ts != "bar") fail ("!foo_=bar");
if (!ldb.get ((uint32_t) 123, ti) || ti != 2) fail ("!123=2");
if (!ldb.get (C2GSTRING ("foo"), ti) || ti != 4) fail ("!foo=4");
if (!ldb.get (C2GSTRING ("gsk"), tgs) || tgs != "gsv") fail ("!gsk=gsv");
// Test range-based for.
int count = 0; bool haveGskGsv = false;
for (auto&& entry: ldb) {
if (!entry._lit->Valid()) fail ("!entry");
if (entry.keyView() == "gsk") {
if (entry.getKey<gstring>() != "gsk") fail ("getKey(gsk)!=gsk");
if (entry.getValue<gstring>() != "gsv") fail ("getValue(gsk)!=gsv");
haveGskGsv = true;
}
++count;}
if (count != 4) fail ("count!=4"); // foo_=bar, 123=2, foo=4, gsk=gsv
if (!haveGskGsv) fail ("!haveGskGsv");
ldb.del ((uint32_t) 123); if (ldb.get ((uint32_t) 123, ti)) fail ("123");
ldb.del (C2GSTRING ("foo")); if (ldb.get (C2GSTRING ("foo"), ti)) fail ("foo");
ldb.del (std::string ("foo_"));
{ // We've erased "123" and "foo", the only key left is "gsk" (gsk=gsv), let's test the iterator boundaries on this small dataset.
auto&& it = ldb.begin();
if (it->getKey<gstring>() != "gsk") fail ("first key !gsk " + it->keyView().str());
if (!(++it).end()) fail ("++it != end");
if ((--it)->getKey<gstring>() != "gsk") fail ("can't go back to gsk");
if (!(--it).end()) fail ("--it != end");
if ((++it)->getKey<gstring>() != "gsk") fail ("can't go forward to gsk");
}
// todo: index trigger example
// struct SimpleIndexTrigger: public Trigger { // Uses key space partitioning (cf. http://stackoverflow.com/a/12503799/257568)
// const char* _name; Ldb _indexDb;
// SimpleIndexTrigger (Ldb& ldb, const char* name = "index"): _name (name), _indexDb (ldb._env, name) {}
// gstring triggerName() {return gstring (0, (void*) _name, false, strlen (_name), true);}
// void add (Ldb& ldb, void* key, gstring& kbytes, void* value, gstring& vbytes, Transaction& txn) {
// MDB_val mkey = {vbytes.size(), (void*) vbytes.data()};
// MDB_val mvalue = {kbytes.size(), (void*) kbytes.data()};
// int rc = ::ldb_put (txn.get(), _indexDb._dbi, &mkey, &mvalue, 0);
// if (rc) GNTHROW (LdbEx, std::string ("index, ldb_put: ") + ::strerror (rc));
// }
// void erase (Ldb& ldb, void* ekey, gstring& kbytes, Transaction& txn) {
// // Get all the values and remove them from the index.
// MDB_cursor* cur = 0; int rc = ::ldb_cursor_open (txn.get(), ldb._dbi, &cur);
// if (rc) GNTHROW (LdbEx, std::string ("index, erase, ldb_cursor_open: ") + ::strerror (rc));
// std::unique_ptr<MDB_cursor, void(*)(MDB_cursor*)> curHolder (cur, ::ldb_cursor_close);
// MDB_val mkey = {kbytes.size(), (void*) kbytes.data()}, val = {0, 0};
// rc = ::ldb_cursor_get (cur, &mkey, &val, ::MDB_SET_KEY); if (rc == MDB_NOTFOUND) return;
// if (rc) GNTHROW (LdbEx, std::string ("index, erase, ldb_cursor_get: ") + ::strerror (rc));
// rc = ::ldb_del (txn.get(), _indexDb._dbi, &val, &mkey);
// if (rc && rc != MDB_NOTFOUND) GNTHROW (LdbEx, std::string ("index, erase, ldb_del: ") + ::strerror (rc));
// for (;;) {
// rc = ::ldb_cursor_get (cur, &mkey, &val, ::MDB_NEXT_DUP); if (rc == MDB_NOTFOUND) return;
// if (rc) GNTHROW (LdbEx, std::string ("index, erase, ldb_cursor_get: ") + ::strerror (rc));
// rc = ::ldb_del (txn.get(), _indexDb._dbi, &val, &mkey);
// if (rc && rc != MDB_NOTFOUND) GNTHROW (LdbEx, std::string ("index, erase, ldb_del: ") + ::strerror (rc));
// }
// }
// void eraseKV (Ldb& ldb, void* key, gstring& kbytes, void* value, gstring& vbytes, Transaction& txn) {
// MDB_val mkey = {vbytes.size(), (void*) vbytes.data()};
// MDB_val mvalue = {kbytes.size(), (void*) kbytes.data()};
// int rc = ::ldb_del (txn.get(), _indexDb._dbi, &mkey, &mvalue);
// if (rc && rc != MDB_NOTFOUND) GNTHROW (LdbEx, std::string ("index, ldb_del: ") + ::strerror (rc));
// }
// };
// auto indexTrigger = std::make_shared<SimpleIndexTrigger> (ldb); ldb.setTrigger (indexTrigger); auto& indexDb = indexTrigger->_indexDb;
// ldb.erase (C2GSTRING ("gsk")); // NB: "gsk" wasn't indexed here. `IndexTrigger.erase` should handle this gracefully.
// Add indexed.
// ldb.put (C2GSTRING ("ik"), C2GSTRING ("iv1"));
// ldb.put (C2GSTRING ("ik"), string ("iv2"));
// ldb.put (C2GSTRING ("ik"), 3);
// Check the index.
// gstring ik;
// if (!indexDb.first (C2GSTRING ("iv1"), ik) || ik != "ik") fail ("!iv1=ik");
// if (!indexDb.first (string ("iv2"), ik) || ik != "ik") fail ("!iv2=ik");
// if (!indexDb.first (3, ik) || ik != "ik") fail ("!iv3=ik");
// Remove indexed.
// ldb.eraseKV (C2GSTRING ("ik"), string ("iv2"));
// Check the index.
// if (!indexDb.first (C2GSTRING ("iv1"), ik) || ik != "ik") fail ("!iv1=ik");
// if (indexDb.first (string ("iv2"), ik)) fail ("iv2=ik");
// if (!indexDb.first (3, ik) || ik != "ik") fail ("!iv3=ik");
// Remove indexed.
// ldb.erase (C2GSTRING ("ik"));
// Check the index.
// if (indexDb.first (C2GSTRING ("iv1"), ik)) fail ("iv1");
// if (indexDb.first (3, ik)) fail ("iv3");
// Check the data.
// if (ldb.first (C2GSTRING ("ik"), ik)) fail ("ik");
}
void testStartsWith (Ldb& ldb) {
// Using `gstring`s because the Boost Serialization encoding for CStrings is not prefix-friendly.
ldb.put (C2GSTRING ("01"), ""); ldb.put (C2GSTRING ("02"), "");
ldb.put (C2GSTRING ("11"), "");
ldb.put (C2GSTRING ("21"), ""); ldb.put (C2GSTRING ("222"), ""); ldb.put (C2GSTRING ("2"), "");
auto range = ldb.startsWith (C2GSTRING ("0")); auto it = range.begin();
assert (it->keyView() == "01"); assert (it != range.end());
assert ((++it)->keyView() == "02"); assert (it != range.end());
assert ((++it)->keyView().empty()); assert (it == range.end());
assert ((--it)->keyView() == "02"); assert (it != range.end());
assert ((--it)->keyView() == "01"); assert (it != range.end());
assert ((--it)->keyView().empty()); assert (it == range.end());
// `it` and `range.begin` point to the same `leveldb::Iterator`.
assert (range.begin()._entry->_lit == it._entry->_lit);
assert (!range.begin()._entry->_valid); assert (range.begin()->keyView().empty());
range = ldb.startsWith (C2GSTRING ("0")); it = range.end();
assert (it.end() && it->keyView().empty()); assert (it != range.begin());
assert ((--it)->keyView() == "02"); assert (it != range.begin());
assert ((--it)->keyView() == "01"); assert (it == range.begin());
assert ((--it)->keyView().empty()); assert (it != range.begin());
int8_t count = 0; for (auto& en: ldb.startsWith (C2GSTRING ("1"))) {en.keyView(); ++count;} assert (count == 1);
count = 0; for (auto& en: ldb.startsWith (C2GSTRING ("2"))) {en.keyView(); ++count;} assert (count == 3);
count = 0; for (auto& en: ldb.startsWith (C2GSTRING ("-"))) {en.keyView(); ++count;} assert (count == 0);
count = 0; for (auto& en: ldb.startsWith (C2GSTRING (""))) {en.keyView(); ++count;} assert (count == 6);
assert (ldb.startsWith (C2GSTRING ("-")) .empty());
count = 0; for (auto& en: boost::make_iterator_range (ldb.end().seek ("1"), ldb.end().seek ("2"))) {en.keyView(); ++count;} assert (count == 1);
count = 0; for (auto& en: boost::make_iterator_range (ldb.end().seek ("2"), ldb.end().seek ("3"))) {en.keyView(); ++count;} assert (count == 3);
count = 0; for (auto& en: ldb.range (C2GSTRING ("1"), C2GSTRING ("2"))) {en.keyView(); ++count;} assert (count == 1);
{ auto range = ldb.range (C2GSTRING ("0"), C2GSTRING ("1")); // 01 and 02, but not 11.
count = 0; for (auto& en: range) {en.keyView(); ++count;} assert (count == 2); }
}
int main() {
cout << "Testing ldb.hpp ... " << flush;
boost::filesystem::remove_all ("/dev/shm/ldbTest");
Ldb ldb ("/dev/shm/ldbTest");
test1 (ldb);
for (auto& en: ldb) ldb.del (en.keyView());
testStartsWith (ldb);
ldb._db.reset(); // Close.
boost::filesystem::remove_all ("/dev/shm/ldbTest");
cout << "pass." << endl;
return 0;
}

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#include "runner.hpp"
#include "curl.hpp"
#include <future>
#include <thread>
#include <iostream>
#include <assert.h>
static void testRunner() {
using glim::RunnerV2;
auto runner = RunnerV2::instance();
struct Dugout: public glim::CurlmInformationListener {
glim::Curl _curl;
std::promise<std::string> _promise;
void schedule (RunnerV2* runner) {
_curl.http ("http://glim.ru/", 2);
curl_easy_setopt (_curl._curl, CURLOPT_PRIVATE, this); // Tells `addToCURLM` to call this listener later.
runner->addToCURLM (_curl._curl);
}
virtual FreeOptions information (CURLMsg* msg, CURLM* curlm) override {
_promise.set_value (_curl.str());
return static_cast<FreeOptions> (REMOVE_CURL_FROM_CURLM | DELETE_LISTENER);
}
virtual ~Dugout() {}
};
{ Dugout* dugout = new Dugout();
auto future = dugout->_promise.get_future();
dugout->schedule (runner.get());
if (future.get().find ("<html") == std::string::npos) GTHROW ("!html"); }
auto curl = std::make_shared<glim::Curl>(); curl->http ("http://glim.ru/", 2);
auto promise = std::make_shared<std::promise<std::string>>(); auto future = promise->get_future();
runner->addToCURLM (curl->_curl, [curl,promise](CURLMsg*, CURLM*) {promise->set_value (curl->str());});
if (future.get().find ("<html") == std::string::npos) GTHROW ("!html");
}
static void oldTest() {
std::shared_ptr<struct event_base> evbase (event_base_new(), event_base_free);
glim::Runner runner (evbase, [](const char* error) {std::cerr << error << std::endl;});
auto scheduledJobFired = std::make_shared<bool> (false);
runner.schedule (0.f, [=](glim::Runner::JobInfo&)->bool {*scheduledJobFired = true; return false;});
auto curl = std::make_shared<glim::Curl> (false); curl->http ("http://glim.ru/env.cgi?pause=50", 5);
auto curlDebug = std::make_shared<std::string>(); curl->debugListenerF ([curlDebug](const char* bytes, size_t size) {curlDebug->append (bytes, size);});
volatile bool ran = false;
runner.multi (curl->_curl, [curl,&ran,evbase,curlDebug](CURLMsg* msg) {
std::cout << " status: " << curl->status();
if (curl->status() == 200) std::cout << " ip: " << curl->gstr().view (0, std::max (curl->gstr().find ("\n"), 0));
if (curlDebug->find ("GET /env.cgi") == std::string::npos) std::cerr << " No headers in debug? " << *curlDebug << std::endl;
ran = true;
event_base_loopbreak (evbase.get());
});
//struct timeval tv {1, 0}; event_base_loopexit (evbase.get(), &tv); // Exit the loop in a sec.
event_base_dispatch (evbase.get());
if (!ran) GTHROW ("!ran");
if (!*scheduledJobFired) GTHROW ("!scheduledJobFired");
std::cout << " pass." << std::endl;
//waiting: "was introduced in Libevent 2.1.1-alpha"//libevent_global_shutdown();
}
int main () {
std::cout << "Testing runner.hpp ..." << std::flush; try {
testRunner();
oldTest();
} catch (const std::exception& ex) {
std::cerr << " exception: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
return 1;
}
return 0;
}

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#include "sqlite.hpp"
#define S(cstr) (std::pair<char const*, int> (cstr, sizeof (cstr) - 1))
#include <assert.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace glim;
int main () {
std::cout << "Testing sqlite.hpp ... " << std::flush;
Sqlite sqlite (":memory:");
SqliteSession sqs (&sqlite);
assert (sqs.query ("CREATE TABLE test (t TEXT, i INTEGER)") .ustep() == 0);
assert (sqs.query ("INSERT INTO test VALUES (?, ?)") .bind (1, S("foo")) .bind (2, 27) .ustep() == 1);
assert (sqs.query ("SELECT t FROM test") .qstep() .stringAt (1) == "foo");
assert (sqs.query ("SELECT i FROM test") .qstep() .intAt (1) == 27);
std::cout << "pass." << std::endl;
return 0;
}